]> https://tw.rpi.edu/Courses/Ontologies/2018/WhatToMake/WhatToMake_Individuals/ Forest Eckhardt Kevin Blissett 2019-04-12 Yarden Ne'eman Miao Qi The goal of this project is to create a system capable of recommending recipes to a user subject to the ingredients that user has on hand and the time they want to spend cooking. The system should also be able to recommend best-matched substitutions for ingredients where appropriate in order to meet the user’s taste preferences or food allergy related needs. The users are allowed to specify the meal types (e.g. lunch) and course types (e.g. entree) in the request. If the users request not to have recipes that contain high Glycemic Index (GI) ingredients, the system will avoid offering these high glycemic recipes in the recommendations. The WhatToMake Individuals Ontology contains the invididual recipes and food items used in those recipes that are available in the system. These individuals are defined using classes and properties that are defined in the WhatToMake Base Ontology. What to Make Individuals Changes to this ontology since the previous version include: update of ontology IRI WhatToMake Copyright (c) 2018 Kevin Blissett, Forest Eckhardt, Yarden Ne'eman, Miao Qi http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT https://tw.rpi.edu/web/Courses/Ontologies/2018/Project2/maintenance true 71 "Flour," Merriam-Webster. [Online]. Available: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/flour. [Accessed: 13-Oct-2018]. all purpose flour a product consisting of finely milled wheat used as an ingredient false 15 Dictionary.com, "almond." [Online]. Available: https://www.dictionary.com/browse/almond. [Accessed Oct. 20, 2018] almond the nutlike kernel of the fruit of either of two trees, Prunus dulcis (sweet almond) or P. dulcis amara (bitter almond), which grow in warm temperate regions used as an ingredient 120 350 15 Allrecipes.com, "Chef John's Almond Biscotti," 2010. [Online]. Available: https://www.allrecipes.com/recipe/260575/chef-johns-almond-biscotti/?internalSource=hub%20recipe&referringContentType=Search. [Accessed Nov.9, 2018] almond biscotti a hard italian bread made from almonds recipe https://www.allrecipes.com/recipe/260575/chef-johns-almond-biscotti/?internalSource=hub%20recipe&referringContentType=Search. false 25 Wikipedia, "Almond meal." [Online]. Available:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almond_meal. [Accessed: Nov. 10, 2018] almond meal an ingredient made from ground up almonds used as an ingredient false 5 Wikipedia, "Apple cider vinegar." [Online]. Available: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_cider_vinegar. [Accessed: Nov. 10, 2018] apple cider vinegar a vinegar made from fermented apple juice used as an ingredient false 0 Dictionary.com, "bacon." [Online]. Available: https://www.dictionary.com/browse/bacon. [Accessed Nov. 10, 2018] bacon the back and sides of the hog, salted and dried or smoked, usually sliced thin and fried for food used as an ingredient 45 425 4 English Oxford Living Dictionaries, "baked," 2018. [Online]. Available: https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/baked. [Accessed Oct. 18, 2018] Wiktionary, "chicken tender," Dec. 2017. [Online]. Available: https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/chicken_tender. [Accessed Oct. 18, 2018] baked chicken tender chicken dish involving a flap of chicken meat found on, and easily detached from, the breast which is cooked by dry heat in an oven A portion of chicken recipe https://diabetesstrong.com/mustard-baked-chicken-tenders/ false 35 Wikipedia, "Baker's yeast." [Online]. Available: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baker%27s_yeast. [Accessed: Nov. 22, 2018] baker's yeast the strains of yeast commonly used as a leavening agent in baking bread and bakery products, where it converts the fermentable sugars present in the dough into carbon dioxide and ethanol used as an ingredient false 0 "Baking powder," Merriam-Webster. [Online]. Available: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/baking%20powder. [Accessed: 1-Nov-2018] baking powder a powder used as a leavening agent in making baked goods (such as quick breads) that typically consists of sodium bicarbonate, an acidic substance (such as cream of tartar), and starch or flour used as an ingredient false 0 "Baking soda," the free dictionary. [Online]. Available: https://www.thefreedictionary.com/baking+soda [Accessed: 26-Oct-2018]. baking soda a white crystalline compound, NaHCO3, chemically known as sodium bicarbonate, that is used especially in beverages and as a leavening agent to make baked goods used as an ingredient false 5 "Balsamic vinegar," Merriam-Webster. [Online]. Available: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/balsamic%20vinegar. [Accessed: 1-Nov-2018] balsamic vinegar an aged Italian vinegar made from the must of white grapes used as an ingredient false 55 "Banana ," Merriam-Webster. [Online]. Available: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/banana. [Accessed: 26-Oct-2018]. banana an elongated usually tapering tropical fruit with soft pulpy flesh enclosed in a soft usually yellow rind used as an ingredient 60 350 4 Allrecipes.com, "Banana Blueberry Almond Flour Muffins ," 2010. [Online]. Available: https://www.allrecipes.com/recipe/238012/banana-blueberry-almond-flour-muffins-gluten-free/?internalSource=hub%20recipe&referringContentType=Search. [Accessed Nov.9, 2018] banana blueberry almond flour muffin a banana blueberry muffin made with almond flour recipe https://www.allrecipes.com/recipe/238012/banana-blueberry-almond-flour-muffins-gluten-free/?internalSource=hub%20recipe&referringContentType=Search 65 350 10 Wikipedia, "Banana bread," Oct. 2018. [Online]. Available: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banana_bread. [Accessed Oct. 13, 2018] banana bread a type of bread made from mashed bananas recipe https://www.allrecipes.com/recipe/6687/banana-bread/?internalSource=hub%20recipe&referringContentType=Search false 5 "Basil," Merriam-Webster. [Online]. Available: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/basil [Accessed: 1-Nov-2018] basil the dried or fresh leaves of a basil used especially as a seasoning used as an ingredient false 0 "Beef," Merriam-Webster. [Online]. Available: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/beef. [Accessed: 13-Oct-2018]. beef the flesh of an adult domestic bovine used as food used as an ingredient false 0 EATBYDATE, "Beef Broth Substitutes," 2012. [Online]. Available: https://www.eatbydate.com/substitutions/beef-broth-substitute/. [Accessed Oct. 27, 2018] beef bouillon an ingredient that can be combined with water to substitute for beef stock used as an ingredient 90 5 Foxy folksy, "NILAGANG BAKA (FILIPINO BEEF SOUP WITH VEGETABLES)," June 2017. [Online]. Available: https://www.foxyfolksy.com/nilagang-baka-filipino-beef-soup-vegetables/. [Accessed Oct. 18, 2018] beef nilaga a Filipino beef soup cooked until the meat becomes really tender and with vegetables like potatoes, beans, and cabbage that makes this simple soup healthy and flavorful recipe https://www.foxyfolksy.com/nilagang-baka-filipino-beef-soup-vegetables/ 140 10 Recipetips.com, "Beef Stew," 2018. [Online]. Available: https://www.recipetips.com/glossary-term/t--36245/beef-stew.asp. [Accessed Oct. 13, 2018] beef stew a food dish that combines beef with a variety of other ingredients, such as potatoes, vegetables, herbs, spices, and broth to create a savory dish, rich in flavor and often served as the main dish recipe https://www.recipetips.com/glossary-term/t--36245/beef-stew.asp "Bitter," Merriam-Webster. [Online]. Available: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/bitter. [Accessed: 18-Oct-2018]. bitter being or inducing the one of the four basic taste sensations that is peculiarly acrid acrid, astringent, or disagreeable and suggestive of an infusion of hops used as a flavor false 5 "Black Pepper," Merriam-Webster. [Online]. Available: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/black pepper. [Accessed: 13-Oct-2018]. black pepper a spice that consists of the dried berry of an Indian vine ground with the black husk still on used as an ingredient false 5 "Peppercorn ," Merriam-Webster. [Online]. Available: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/peppercorn. [Accessed: 26-Oct-2018]. black peppercorn a dried berry of the black pepper used as an ingredient false 25 Dictionary.com, "blueberry." [Online]. Available: https://www.dictionary.com/browse/blueberry. [Accessed Nov. 10, 2018] blueberry the edible, usually bluish berry of various shrubs belonging to the genus Vaccinium, of the heath family used as an ingredient 35 6 Sanderson Farms, "Balsamic Braised Chicken Thighs." [Online]. Available: http://sandersonfarms.mobi/recipes/balsamic-braised-chicken-thighs/. [Accessed: 1-Nov-2018] Wikipedia, "Braising." [Online]. Available: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Braising. [Accessed: 1-Nov-2018] braised balsamic chicken a Mediterranean-inspired chicken recipe by cooking the chicken with both wet and dry heats, signatured by the balsamic vinegar in the recipe recipe http://sandersonfarms.mobi/recipes/balsamic-braised-chicken-thighs/ false 70 "Brown Surgar," Merriam-Webster. [Online]. Available: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/brown sugar. [Accessed: 26-Oct-2018]. brown sugar soft sugar whose crystals are covered by a film of refined dark syrup used as an ingredient 60 350 16 "Brownie," Merriam-Webster. [Online]. Available: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/brownie. [Accessed: 1-Nov-2018] brownies a small square or rectangle of rich usually chocolate cake often containing nuts recipe https://www.allrecipes.com/recipe/10549/best-brownies/?internalSource=staff%20pick&referringId=838&referringContentType=Recipe%20Hub false 0 "Butter ," Merriam-Webster. [Online]. Available: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/butter. [Accessed: 26-Oct-2018]. butter a solid emulsion of fat globules, air, and water made by churning milk or cream and used as food used as an ingredient false 15 "Cabbage ," Merriam-Webster. [Online]. Available: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/cabbage. [Accessed: 26-Oct-2018]. cabbage any of several brassicas of European origin especially a leafy garden plant with a short stem and a dense globular head of usually green leaves that is used as a vegetable used as an ingredient false 70 Dictionary.com, "cane sugar." [Online]. Available: https://www.dictionary.com/browse/cane-sugar. [Accessed Nov. 10, 2018] cane sugar sugar obtained from sugar cane, identical with that obtained from the sugar beet used as an ingredient false 0 Wikipedia, "Canola oil." [Online]. Available: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canola_oil. [Accessed: Nov. 10, 2018] canola oil a vegetable oil derived from a variety of rapeseed that is low in erucic acid used as an ingredient false 15 "Carrot," Merriam-Webster. [Online]. Available: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/carrot. [Accessed: 13-Oct-2018]. carrot a biennial herb with a usually orange spindle-shaped edible root used as an ingredient false 15 "Celery ," Merriam-Webster. [Online]. Available: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/celery. [Accessed: 26-Oct-2018]. celery a European herb the carrot family specifically one of a cultivated variety with leafstalks eaten raw or cooked used as an ingredient relating to, conforming to, or having the international thermometric scale on which the interval between the triple point of water and the boiling point of water is divided into 99.99 degrees with 0.01° representing the triple point and 100° the boiling point celsius relating to, conforming to, or having the international thermometric scale on which the interval between the triple point of water and the boiling point of water is divided into 99.99 degrees with 0.01° representing the triple point and 100° the boiling point A temperature scale that is used in recipes value of temperature false 50 "chayote," Merriam-Webster. [Online]. Available: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/chayote. [Accessed: 1-Nov-2018]. chayote squash pear-shaped fruit of a West Indian annual vine (Sechium edule) of the gourd family that is widely cultivated as a vegetable used as an ingredient false 0 Dictionary.com, "cheese." [Online]. Available: https://www.dictionary.com/browse/cheese. [Accessed Nov. 10, 2018] cheese the curd of milk separated from the whey and prepared in many ways as a food used as an ingredient false 0 "Chicken," Merriam-Webster. [Online]. Available: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/chicken. [Accessed: 13-Oct-2018]. chicken the common domestic fowl used as an ingredient true 0 vocabulary.com, "chicken broth." [Online]. Available: https://www.vocabulary.com/dictionary/chicken%20broth. [Accessed Nov. 10, 2018] chicken broth a stock made with chicken used as an ingredient 15 12 Allrecipes.com, "Fruited Curry Chicken Salad," 2010. [Online]. Available: https://www.allrecipes.com/recipe/15735/fruited-curry-chicken-salad/?internalSource=hub%20recipe&referringContentType=Search. [Accessed Nov.9, 2018] chicken salad a dish made from chicken and mayonnaise recipe https://www.allrecipes.com/recipe/15735/fruited-curry-chicken-salad/?internalSource=hub%20recipe&referringContentType=Search false 0 "Chuck steak," WIKIPEDIA [Online]. Available: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chuck_steak [Accessed: 26-Oct-2018]. chuck roast a cut of beef and is part of the sub primal cut known as the chuck used as an ingredient false 0 Dictionary.com, "cilantro." [Online]. Available: https://www.dictionary.com/browse/cilantro. [Accessed Nov. 10, 2018] cilantro the strong-scented leaves of the coriander plant, used in salads or to flavor and garnish food used as an ingredient false 5 "Clove," WIKIPEDIA [Online]. Available: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clove [Accessed: 26-Oct-2018]. clove the aromatic flower buds of a tree in the family Myrtaceae used as an ingredient false 20 The Spruce Eats, "What Is Cocoa Powder?," 2018. [Online]. Available: https://www.thespruceeats.com/what-is-cocoa-powder-520351. [Accessed: 1-Nov-2018] cocoa powder an unsweetened powder produced by grinding the seeds of the fruit of a tropical evergreen tree called the cacao, or cocoa tree used as an ingredient false 35 Dictionary.com, "coconut." [Online]. Available: https://www.dictionary.com/browse/coconut. [Accessed Nov. 10, 2018] coconut the large, hard-shelled seed of the coconut palm, lined with a white edible meat, and containing a milky liquid used as an ingredient false 40 Dictionary.com, "coconut milk." [Online]. Available: https://www.dictionary.com/browse/coconut-milk. [Accessed Nov. 10, 2018] coconut milk the clear, potable liquid contained within the young hollow seed of the coconut palm used as an ingredient false 115 Dictionary.com, "corn syrup." [Online]. Available: https://www.dictionary.com/browse/corn-syrup. [Accessed Nov. 10, 2018] corn syrup syrup prepared from corn used as an ingredient false 0 "Corned beef ," Merriam-Webster. [Online]. Available: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/corned beef. [Accessed: 26-Oct-2018]. corned beef beef that has been preserved in salt water used as an ingredient 40 4 Wikipedia, "Hash (food)," Aug. 2018. [Online]. Available: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hash_(food). [Accessed Oct. 18, 2018] corned beef hash a culinary dish consisting of diced or chopped meat, potatoes and spices that are mixed together and cooked by themselves or with other ingredients such as onions recipe https://www.allrecipes.com/recipe/33129/corned-beef-hash/?internalSource=hub%20recipe&referringContentType=Search 95 false "Cornstarch ," Merriam-Webster. [Online]. Available: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/cornstarch. [Accessed: 26-Oct-2018]. cornstarch starch made from corn and used in foods as a thickening agent, in making corn syrup and sugars, and in the manufacture of adhesives and sizes for paper and textiles used as an ingredient false 30 Wikipedia, "Milk." [Online]. Available: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milk#Cow's_milk. [Accessed: Nov. 10, 2018] cow milk milk obtained from a cow used as an ingredient "Creamy," Merriam-Webster. [Online]. Available: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/creamy. [Accessed: 18-Oct-2018]. creamy resembling cream (as in color, texture, or taste) used as a texture "Crumbly," Merriam-Webster. [Online]. Available: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/crumbly. [Accessed: 18-Oct-2018]. crumbly easily crumbled used as a texture "Crunchy," Dictionary.com. [Online]. Available: https://www.dictionary.com/browse/crunchy?s=t. [Accessed: 12-Oct-2018]. crunchy crisp, brittle This is a subclass of texture and is one of the textural components that could be considered for substitutions used as a texture false 30 Wikipedia, "Dried cranberry." [Online]. Available: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dried_cranberry. [Accessed: Nov. 10, 2018] dried cranberry an ingredient made by partially dehydrating fresh cranberries used as an ingredient false 0 Dictionary.com, "egg." [Online]. Available: https://www.dictionary.com/browse/egg. [Accessed Oct. 5, 2018] chicken egg the roundish reproductive body produced by a female chicken Only used to refer to the egg of a chicken. Other types of eggs will appear under separate labels in the ontology. used as an ingredient "Fahrenheit," Merriam-Webster. [Online]. Available: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Fahrenheit. [Accessed: 12-Oct-2018]. fahrenheit relating or conforming to a thermometric scale on which under standard atmospheric pressure the boiling point of water is at 212 degrees above the zero of the scale, the freezing point is at 32 degrees above zero, and the zero point approximates the temperature produced by mixing equal quantities by weight of snow and common salt A temperature scale that is used in recipes value of temperature 60 350 12 Allrecipes.com, "Flourless Coconut and Almond Cake," 2010. [Online]. Available: https://www.allrecipes.com/recipe/241524/flourless-coconut-and-almond-cake/?internalSource=hub%20recipe&referringContentType=Search. [Accessed Nov.9, 2018] flourless coconut and almond cake a cake made with coconut and almonds which contains no white flour recipe https://www.allrecipes.com/recipe/241524/flourless-coconut-and-almond-cake/?internalSource=hub%20recipe&referringContentType=Search false 30 "Garlic ," Merriam-Webster. [Online]. Available: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/garlic. [Accessed: 26-Oct-2018]. garlic widely cultivated for its pungent compound bulbs much used in cookery used as an ingredient 60 350 16 Allrecipes.com, "Gluten-Free Coconut Cake," 2010. [Online]. Available: https://www.allrecipes.com/recipe/237655/gluten-free-coconut-cake/?internalSource=hub%20recipe&referringContentType=Search&clickId=cardslot%201. [Accessed Nov.9, 2018] Wikipedia, "Coconut cake." [Online]. Available: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coconut_cake. [Accessed: Oct. 25, 2018] Wikipedia, "Gluten." [Online]. Available: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gluten. [Accessed: Oct. 25, 2018] gluten free coconut cake a cake frosted with a white frosting and covered in coconut flakes, with no ingredients contain gluten recipe https://www.allrecipes.com/recipe/237655/gluten-free-coconut-cake/?internalSource=hub%20recipe&referringContentType=Search&clickId=cardslot%201 false 95 Baking Bites, "What is Gluten Free Flour?"[Online]. Available: http://bakingbites.com/2013/01/what-is-gluten-free-flour/. [Accessed Nov. 1, 2018] gluten free flour flours that are made of non-gluten containing products used as an ingredient 180 350 1 kingarthurflour.com, "GOLDEN KAMUT BREAD. [Online]. Available: https://www.kingarthurflour.com/recipes/golden-kamut-bread-recipe. [Accessed Nov.9, 2018] golden kamut bread a bread made from kamut recipe https://www.kingarthurflour.com/recipes/golden-kamut-bread-recipe "Gooey," Merriam-Webster. [Online]. Available: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/gooey. [Accessed: 18-Oct-2018]. gooey a viscid or sticky substance used as a texture "Greasy," Merriam-Webster. [Online]. Available: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/greasy. [Accessed: 18-Oct-2018]. greasy containing an unusual amount of grease used as a texture false 15 Dictionary.com, "green onion." [Online]. Available: https://www.dictionary.com/browse/green-onion. [Accessed Nov. 10, 2018] green onion a young onion with a slender green stalk and a small bulb, used as a table vegetable, usually raw,especially in salads; scallion used as an ingredient false 15 Dictionary.com, "green pepper." [Online]. Available: https://www.dictionary.com/browse/green-pepper. [Accessed Nov. 10, 2018] green pepper the mild-flavored, unripe fruit of the bell or sweet pepper, Capsicum annuum grossum, used as a greenvegetable used as an ingredient 60 6 Allrecipes.com, "Rosemary Ranch Chicken Kabobs," 2010. [Online]. Available: https://www.allrecipes.com/recipe/64513/rosemary-ranch-chicken-kabobs/?internalSource=hub%20recipe&referringContentType=Search. [Accessed Nov.9, 2018] grilled chicken kabob a kabob dish made from chicken recipe https://www.allrecipes.com/recipe/64513/rosemary-ranch-chicken-kabobs/?internalSource=hub%20recipe&referringContentType=Search false 60 "Honey," Merriam-Webster. [Online]. Available: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/honey. [Accessed: 1-Nov-2018] honey a sweet viscid material elaborated out of the nectar of flowers in the honey sac of various bees used as an ingredient Dictionary.com, "hour." [Online]. Available: https://www.dictionary.com/browse/hour. [Accessed Oct. 5, 2018] hour hours the measured or measurable period during which an action, process, or condition exists or continues value of time true 45 Kamut, "The grain," 2018. [Online]. Available: https://www.kamut.com/en/discover/the-grain. [Accessed Oct. 20, 2018] kamut khorasan wheat (kamut) is an ancient grain used as an ingredient true 45 foodrepublic.com, "What Is Kamut?" [Online]. Available: http://www.foodrepublic.com/2013/04/15/what-is-kamut/. [Accessed Nov.9, 2018] kamut flour flour made from an ancient grain also known as khorsan wheat used as an ingredient 30 425 12 kingarthurflour.com, "baking with ancient grains: KAMUT FLOUR." [Online]. Available: https://www.kingarthurflour.com/guides/baking-with-ancient-grains/kamut-flour/. [Accessed Nov.9, 2018] kamut muffin a muffin made primarily from kamut recipe https://www.kingarthurflour.com/recipes/basic-muffins-with-berry-and-oatmeal-versions-recipe 45 375 12 kingarthurflour.com, "baking with ancient grains: KAMUT FLOUR." [Online]. Available: https://www.kingarthurflour.com/guides/baking-with-ancient-grains/kamut-flour/. [Accessed Nov.9, 2018] kamut pancake a pancake made primarily from kamut recipe https://www.kingarthurflour.com/recipes/simply-perfect-pancakes-recipe false 0 "Lamb," WIKIPEDIA [Online]. Available: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lamb [Accessed: 26-Oct-2018]. lamb the meat of sheep used as an ingredient false 20 "lemon juice," the free dictionary. [Online]. Available: https://www.thefreedictionary.com/lemon+juice. [Accessed: 26-Oct-2018]. lemon juice usually freshly squeezed juice of lemons used as an ingredient true 60 Dictionary.com, "mayonnaise." [Online]. Available: https://www.dictionary.com/browse/mayonnaise. [Accessed Nov. 10, 2018] mayonnaise a thick dressing of egg yolks, vinegar or lemon juice, oil, and seasonings, used for salads, sandwiches,vegetable dishes, etc used as an ingredient Dictionary.com, "minute." [Online]. Available: https://www.dictionary.com/browse/minute?s=t. [Accessed Oct. 5, 2018] minute minutes the sixtieth part (1/60) of an hour; sixty seconds value of time "Moist," Merriam-Webster. [Online]. Available: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/moist. [Accessed: 18-Oct-2018]. moist slightly or moderately wet used as a texture "Mushy," Merriam-Webster. [Online]. Available: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/mushy. [Accessed: 18-Oct-2018]. mushy having the consistency of mush used as a texture "Nutty," Merriam-Webster. [Online]. Available: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/nutty. [Accessed: 12-Oct-2018]. nutty having a flavor like that of nuts A property of flavor that will aid in the substitution decision making of the ontology used as a flavor false 40 Dictionary.com, "oat." [Online]. Available: https://www.dictionary.com/browse/oat. [Accessed Nov. 10, 2018] oat a cereal grass, Avena sativa, cultivated for its edible seed used as an ingredient false 0 "Olive oil," Merriam-Webster. [Online]. Available: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/olive%20oil. [Accessed: 1-Nov-2018] olive oil a pale yellow to yellowish-green nondrying oil that is obtained from olives, is high in monounsaturated fat, and is used chiefly as a salad oil and in cooking used as an ingredient false 15 "Onion ," Merriam-Webster. [Online]. Available: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/onion. [Accessed: 26-Oct-2018]. onion a widely cultivated Asian herb of the lily family with pungent edible bulbs used as an ingredient false 5 "Oregano," Merriam-Webster. [Online]. Available: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/oregano [Accessed: 1-Nov-2018] oregano a bushy perennial mint (Origanum vulgare) with leaves that are used as a seasoning and a source of aromatic oil used as an ingredient false 15 "Paprika ," Merriam-Webster. [Online]. Available: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/paprika. [Accessed: 26-Oct-2018]. paprika a usually mild red condiment consisting of the dried finely ground pods of various sweet peppers used as an ingredient false 5 "Parsley ," Merriam-Webster. [Online]. Available: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/parsley. [Accessed: 26-Oct-2018]. parsley a European biennial herb of the carrot family widely grown for its finely dissected curly or flat leaves which are used as an herb or garnish used as an ingredient false 15 Dictionary.com, "peanut." [Online]. Available: https://www.dictionary.com/browse/peanut. [Accessed Oct. 5, 2018] peanut the pod or the enclosed edible seed of the plant, Arachis hypogaea, of the legume family: the pod is forced underground in growing, where it ripens This definition refers to the nuts of the plant as used as an ingredient in a recipe. used as an ingredient false 15 Dictionary.com, "pecan." [Online]. Available: https://www.dictionary.com/browse/pecan. [Accessed Nov. 10, 2018] pecan a tall hickory tree, Carya illinoinensis, of the southern U.S. and Mexico, cultivated for its oval, smooth-shelled, edible nuts used as an ingredient 65 350 6 Myrecipes, "Pot Roast 101," 2018. [Online]. Available: https://www.myrecipes.com/quick-and-easy/how-to-cook-pot-roast. [Accessed Oct. 18, 2018] pot roast with vegetables slow-cooked beef with carrots, potatoes, or other vegetables added partway through cooking recipe https://www.myrecipes.com/quick-and-easy/how-to-cook-pot-roast false 70 "Potato," Merriam-Webster. [Online]. Available: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/potato. [Accessed: 13-Oct-2018]. potato a memeber of the nightshade family widely cultivated for its edible starchy tuber used as an ingredient false 10 "pumpkin seed - Dictionary Definition," Vocabulary.com. [Online]. Available: https://www.vocabulary.com/dictionary/pumpkin seed. [Accessed: 12-Oct-2018]. pumpkin seed the edible seed of a pumpkin A potential substitution for members of the tree nut family used as an ingredient false 5 "Rosemary ," Merriam-Webster. [Online]. Available: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/rosemary. [Accessed: 26-Oct-2018]. rosemary a fragrant shrubby Mediterranean mint having grayish-green needlelike leaves used as a seasoning used as an ingredient false 0 "Salt," Merriam-Webster. [Online]. Available: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/salt. [Accessed: 13-Oct-2018]. salt a crystalline compound NaCl that consists of sodium chloride, is abundant in nature, and is used especially to season or preserve food or in industry used as an ingredient "Salty," Merriam-Webster. [Online]. Available: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/salty. [Accessed: 18-Oct-2018]. salty of, seasoned with, or containing salt used as a flavor 50 5 Wikipedia, "Shepherd's pie," Oct. 2018. [Online]. Available: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shepherd%27s_pie. [Accessed Oct. 18, 2018] saucy shepherd pie minced red meat cooked in a gravy or sauce with onions and sometimes other vegetables, such as peas, celery or carrots, and topped with a layer of mashed potato before it is baked recipe https://www.allrecipes.com/recipe/238606/saucy-shepherds-pie/?internalSource=hub%20recipe&referringContentType=Search false 0 Dictionary.com, "sesame oil." [Online]. Available: https://www.dictionary.com/browse/sesame-oil. [Accessed Nov. 10, 2018] sesame oil a yellow oil expressed from the seeds of the sesame, used in cooking, as a vehicle for medicines, and in the manufacture of margarine, soap, and cosmetics used as an ingredient "Smoky," Merriam-Webster. [Online]. Available: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/smoky. [Accessed: 18-Oct-2018]. smoky suggestive of smoke especially in flavor or odor used as a flavor 35 4 Allrecipes.com, "Smothered Chicken Breasts," 2010. [Online]. Available: https://www.allrecipes.com/recipe/222607/smothered-chicken-breasts/?internalSource=hub%20recipe&referringContentType=Search. [Accessed Nov.9, 2018] smothered chicken breast a dish made from chicken breast, topped with bacon, caramelized onions, and zippy shredded cheese recipe https://www.allrecipes.com/recipe/222607/smothered-chicken-breasts/?internalSource=hub%20recipe&referringContentType=Search false 0 Dictionary.com, "soy sauce." [Online]. Available: https://www.dictionary.com/browse/soy-sauce. [Accessed Nov. 10, 2018] soy sauce a salty, fermented sauce prepared from soybeans, used in East Asian cuisine used as an ingredient "Spicy," Merriam-Webster. [Online]. Available: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/spicy. [Accessed: 18-Oct-2018]. spicy having the quality, flavor, or fragrance of spice used as a flavor "Sweet," Merriam-Webster. [Online]. Available: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/sweet. [Accessed: 18-Oct-2018]. sweet being or inducing the one of the four basic taste sensations that is typically induced by disaccharides and is mediated especially by receptors in taste buds at the front of the tongue used as a flavor false 85 "Tapioca," The Free Dictionary. [Online]. Available: https://www.thefreedictionary.com/Tapioca+flour. [Accessed Nov.9, 2018] tapioca flour a flour made from the tapioca plant used as an ingredient false 5 "Tarragon ," Merriam-Webster. [Online]. Available: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/tarragon. [Accessed: 26-Oct-2018]. tarragon a small widely cultivated perennial artemisia (Artemisia dracunculus) having aromatic narrow usually entire leaves, its leaves used as a seasoning used as an ingredient "Tart," Merriam-Webster. [Online]. Available: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/tart. [Accessed: 18-Oct-2018]. tart agreeably sharp or acid to the taste used as a flavor 15 4 Allrecipes.com, "Thai Chicken," 2010. [Online]. Available: https://www.allrecipes.com/recipe/16862/thai-chicken/?internalSource=hub%20recipe&referringContentType=Search. [Accessed Nov.9, 2018] thai chicken a thai dish made with chicken recipe https://www.allrecipes.com/recipe/16862/thai-chicken/?internalSource=hub%20recipe&referringContentType=Search false 5 "Thyme," Merriam-Webster. [Online]. Available: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/thyme. [Accessed: 1-Nov-2018] thyme any of a genus (Thymus) of Eurasian mints with small pungent aromatic leaves used as an ingredient false 30 "Tomato," Merriam-Webster. [Online]. Available: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/tomato. [Accessed: 1-Nov-2018] tomato the usually large, rounded, edible, pulpy berry of an herb (genus Solanum) of the nightshade family native to South America that is typically red but may be yellow, orange, green, or purplish in color and is eaten raw or cooked as a vegetable used as an ingredient Techopedia, "User Identification (User ID)," 2018. [Online]. Available: https://www.techopedia.com/definition/12552/user-identification-user-id. [Accessed Oct. 18, 2018] user 15 the user with ID 15 represents an individual user false 5 Wikipedia, "Vanilla extract." [Online]. Available: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanilla_extract. [Accessed: 1-Nov-2018] vanilla extract a solution made by macerating and percolating vanilla pods in a solution of ethanol and water used as an ingredient false 0 "Vegetable Oil ," Merriam-Webster. [Online]. Available: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/vegetable oil. [Accessed: 26-Oct-2018]. vegetable oil an oil of plant origin used as an ingredient false 15 "Walnut," Merriam-Webster. [Online]. Available: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/walnut. [Accessed: 12-Oct-2018]. walnut the furrowed nut of any of a genus (Juglans of the family Juglandaceae, the walnut family) of deciduous trees Member of the tree nut family which is a common allergen used as an ingredient false 0 "Water ," Merriam-Webster. [Online]. Available: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/water. [Accessed: 26-Oct-2018]. water the liquid that descends from the clouds as rain, forms streams, lakes, and seas, and is a major constituent of all living matter and that when pure is an odorless, tasteless, very slightly compressible liquid oxide of hydrogen H2O which appears bluish in thick layers, freezes at 0° C and boils at 100° C, has a maximum density at 4° C and a high specific heat, is feebly ionized to hydrogen and hydroxyl ions, and is a poor conductor of electricity and a good solvent used as an ingredient 185 350 12 Allrecipes.com, "Simple White Bread," 2010. [Online]. Available: https://www.allrecipes.com/recipe/6771/simple-white-bread/?internalSource=hub%20recipe&referringContentType=Search&clickId=cardslot%2011. [Accessed Nov.9, 2018] white bread baked foods produced from dough made of flour, water, salt and other optional ingredients, and leavened by yeast or other leavening agents recipe https://www.allrecipes.com/recipe/6771/simple-white-bread/?internalSource=hub%20recipe&referringContentType=Search&clickId=cardslot%2011 false 70 "Sugar," Merriam-Webster. [Online]. Available: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/sugar. [Accessed: 1-Nov-2018] white sugar a sweet crystallizable material that consists wholly or essentially of sucrose, is colorless or white when pure tending to brown when less refined, is obtained commercially from sugarcane or sugar beet and less extensively from sorghum, maples, and palms, and is important as a source of dietary carbohydrate and as a sweetener and preservative of other foods used as an ingredient false 5 Dictionary.com, "vinegar." [Online]. Available: https://www.dictionary.com/browse/vinegar. [Accessed Nov. 10, 2018] white vinegar a sour liquid consisting of dilute and impure acetic acid used as an ingredient 20 375 3 Allrecipes.com, "Whole Grain Banana Pancakes," 2010. [Online]. Available: https://www.allrecipes.com/recipe/231392/whole-grain-banana-pancakes/?internalSource=hub%20recipe&referringContentType=Search&clickId=cardslot%201. [Accessed Nov.9, 2018] whole grain banana pancake a banana pancake made with whole grain recipe https://www.allrecipes.com/recipe/231392/whole-grain-banana-pancakes/?internalSource=hub%20recipe&referringContentType=Search&clickId=cardslot%201 false 55 TasteofHome, "What Is Whole Grain Mustard?," 2018. [Online]. Available: https://www.tasteofhome.com/cooking-tips/ask-the-test-kitchen/what-is-whole-grain-mustard-. [Accessed Oct. 27 2018] whole grain mustard prepared mustard with visible mustard seeds used as an ingredient true 40 "Whole Wheat Flour ," Merriam-Webster. [Online]. Available: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/whole wheat flour. [Accessed: 26-Oct-2018]. whole wheat flour flour that is ground from the whole grain and contains all the constituents of the wheat kernels used as an ingredient