#NEXUS [!This data set was downloaded from TreeBASE, a relational database of phylogenetic knowledge. TreeBASE has been supported by the NSF, Harvard University, Yale University, SDSC and UC Davis. Please do not remove this acknowledgment from the Nexus file. Generated on April 19, 2024; 17:00 GMT TreeBASE (cc) 1994-2008 Study reference: Barker F., Cibois A., Schikler P., Feinstein J., & Cracraft J. 2004. Phylogeny and diversification of the largest avian radiation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 101(30): 11040-11045. TreeBASE Study URI: http://purl.org/phylo/treebase/phylows/study/TB2:S11939] BEGIN TAXA; TITLE Taxa; DIMENSIONS NTAX=146; TAXLABELS Acanthisitta_chloris Aegithalos_iouschensis Aegithina_tiphia Ailuroedus_melanotis Alauda_arvensis Arcanator_orostruthus Artamus_cyanopterus Artamus_leucorhynchus Batis_mixta Bombycilla_garrulus Campylorhamphus_trochilirostris Cardinalis_cardinalis Catharus_ustulatus Certhia_familiaris Chaetops_frenatus Chaetorhynchus_papuensis Chloropsis_cochinchinensis Cinclus_cinclus Cisticola_anonyma Climacteris_erythrops Climacteris_picumnus Cnemophilus_loriae Colluricincla_harmonica Conopophaga_ardesiaca Coracias_caudata Coracina_lineata Coracina_novaehollandiae Corcorax_melanorhamphos Cormobates_leucophaea Corvinella_corvina Corvus_corone Corvus_coronoides Corvus_orru Cracticus_quoyi Culicicapa_ceylonensis Cyanocitta_cristata Daphoenositta_chrysoptera Dicaeum_aeneum Dicrurus_adsimilis Dicrurus_hottentottus Dryoscopus_cubla Elminia_nigromitrata Emberiza_schoeniclus Ephthianura_tricolor Eugerygone_rubra Falcunculus_frontatus Formicarius_colma Fringilla_montifringilla Furnarius_rufus Gallus_gallus Garrulax_milleti Grallina_cyanoleuca Gymnorhina_tibicen Hirundo_pyrrhonota Hirundo_rustica Hylophilus_poicilotis Icterus_parisorum Irena_cyanogaster Lalage_leucomela Lanius_excubitor Loboparadisaea_sericea Malurus_melanocephalus Manucodia_atra Manucodia_chalybata Melampitta_gigantea Melampitta_lugubris Melanocharis_nigra Melanocharis_versteri Melanodryas_cucullata Meliphaga_analoga Menura_novaehollandiae Microeca_papuana Mimus_patagonicus Mionectes_macconnellii Modulatrix_stictigula Monarcha_axillaris Monarcha_chrysomela Motacilla_cinerea Muscicapa_ferruginea Nectarinia_olivacea Neodrepanis_coruscans Oedistoma_iliolophum Oreoica_gutturalis Oriolus_larvatus Oriolus_xanthonotus Orthonyx_spaldingii Orthonyx_teminckii Pachycephala_hyperthra Pachycephala_soror Pachycephalopsis_poliosoma Paradisaea_raggiana Paramythia_montium Pardalotus_punctatus Pardalotus_striatus Parula_americana Parus_inornatus Parus_major Passer_montanus Peneothello_bimaculatus Pericrocotus_ethologus Philepitta_castanea Philesturnus_carunculatus Picathartes_gymnocephalus Pipra_coronata Pitohui_cristatus Pitta_sordida Ploceus_cucullatus Polioptila_caerulea Pomatostomus_halli Pomatostomus_isidorei Prionops_plumatus Promerops_cafer Prunella_collaris Psarisomus_dalhousiae Ptilogonys_cinereus Ptilonorhynchus_violaceus Ptiloris_magnificus Ptilorrhoa_caerulescens Pycnonotus_barbatus Regulus_calendula Regulus_satrapa Remiz_pendulinus Rhipidura_hyperthra Rupicola_rupicola Schiffornis_turdinus Scytalopus_magellanicus Sitta_carolinensis Smithornis_rufolateralis Sphecotheres_viridis Strepera_graculina Struthidea_cinerea Sturnus_vulgaris Sylvia_nana Telophorus_dohertyi Thamnophilus_nigrocinereus Thraupis_cyanocephala Tityra_semifasciata Toxorhamphus_novaeguineae Tregellasia_leucops Troglodytes_aedon Turdus_falklandii Tyrannus_tyrannus Vanga_curvirostris Vireo_philadelphia Yuhina_zantholeuca Zosterops_senegalensis ; END; BEGIN CHARACTERS; [! TreeBASE Matrix URI: http://purl.org/phylo/treebase/phylows/matrix/TB2:M10329] TITLE Passerine_Taxonomy; LINK TAXA = Taxa; DIMENSIONS NCHAR=59; FORMAT DATATYPE=Standard SYMBOLS= "0 1" MISSING=? GAP= -; CHARSTATELABELS 1 Tyranni, 2 Passeri, 3 Eurylaimides, 4 Tyrannides, 5 Tyrannida, 6 Furnariida, 7 Corvida, 8 Passerida, 9 Eurylaimoidea, 10 Furnarioidea, 11 Formicarioidea, 12 Menuroidea, 13 Meliphagoidea, 14 Corvoidea, 15 Muscicapoidea, 16 Sylvioidea, 17 Passeroidea, 18 Eurylaimidae, 19 Philepittidae, 20 Tyrannidae, 21 Furnariidae, 22 Climacteridae, 23 Ptilonorhynchidae, 24 Meliphagidae, 25 Petroicidae, 26 Irenidae, 27 Laniidae, 28 Vireonidae, 29 Corvidae, 30 Picathartidae, 31 Bombycillidae, 32 Certhiidae, 33 Paridae, 34 Sylviidae, 35 Nectariniidae, 36 Melanocharitidae, 37 Passeridae, 38 Fringillidae, 39 Tityrinae, 40 Corcoracinae, 41 Pachycephalinae, 42 Corvinae, 43 Dicrurinae, 44 Malaconotinae, 45 Sylviinae, 46 Nectariniinae, 47 Emberizinae, 48 Falcunculini, 49 Pachycephalini, 50 Corvini, 51 Paradisaeini, 52 Artamini, 53 Oriolini, 54 Dicrurini, 55 Monarchini, 56 Malaconotini, 57 Vangini, 58 Timaliini, 59 Toxorhamphini, ; MATRIX [ 10 20 30 40 50 ] [ . . . . . ] Acanthisitta_chloris 10000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Aegithalos_iouschensis 01000001000000010000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Aegithina_tiphia 01000010000001000000000000001000000000000000000000000000000 Ailuroedus_melanotis 01000010000100000000001000000000000000000000000000000000000 Alauda_arvensis 01000001000000001000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Arcanator_orostruthus 01000001000000010000000000000000010000000000100000000000010 Artamus_cyanopterus 01000010000001000000000000001000000000000100000000010000000 Artamus_leucorhynchus 01000010000001000000000000001000000000000100000000010000000 Batis_mixta 01000010000001000000000000001000000000000001000000000000100 Bombycilla_garrulus 01000001000000100000000000000010000000000000000000000000000 Campylorhamphus_trochilirostris 10010100010000000000100000000000000000000000000000000000000 Cardinalis_cardinalis 01000001000000001000000000000000000001000000001000000000000 Catharus_ustulatus 01000001000000100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Certhia_familiaris 01000001000000010000000000000001000000000000000000000000000 Chaetops_frenatus 010000??000000000000000000000100000000000000000000000000000 Chaetorhynchus_papuensis 01000010000001000000000000001000000000000010000000000100000 Chloropsis_cochinchinensis 01000010000001000000000001000000000000000000000000000000000 Cinclus_cinclus 01000001000000100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Cisticola_anonyma 01000001000000010000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Climacteris_erythrops 01000010000100000000010000000000000000000000000000000000000 Climacteris_picumnus 01000010000100000000010000000000000000000000000000000000000 Cnemophilus_loriae 01000010000001000000000000001000000000000100000000100000000 Colluricincla_harmonica 01000010000001000000000000001000000000001000000010000000000 Conopophaga_ardesiaca 10010100001000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Coracias_caudata 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Coracina_lineata 01000010000001000000000000001000000000000100000000001000000 Coracina_novaehollandiae 01000010000001000000000000001000000000000100000000001000000 Corcorax_melanorhamphos 01000010000001000000000000001000000000010000000000000000000 Cormobates_leucophaea 01000010000100000000010000000000000000000000000000000000000 Corvinella_corvina 01000010000001000000000000100000000000000000000000000000000 Corvus_corone 01000010000001000000000000001000000000000100000001000000000 Corvus_coronoides 01000010000001000000000000001000000000000100000001000000000 Corvus_orru 01000010000001000000000000001000000000000100000001000000000 Cracticus_quoyi 01000010000001000000000000001000000000000100000000010000000 Culicicapa_ceylonensis 01000001000000100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Cyanocitta_cristata 01000010000001000000000000001000000000000100000001000000000 Daphoenositta_chrysoptera 01000010000001000000000000001000000000001000000000000000000 Dicaeum_aeneum 01000001000000001000000000000000001000000000010000000000000 Dicrurus_adsimilis 01000010000001000000000000001000000000000010000000000100000 Dicrurus_hottentottus 01000010000001000000000000001000000000000010000000000100000 Dryoscopus_cubla 01000010000001000000000000001000000000000001000000000001000 Elminia_nigromitrata 01000010000001000000000000001000000000000010000000000010000 Emberiza_schoeniclus 01000001000000001000000000000000000001000000001000000000000 Ephthianura_tricolor 01000010000010000000000100000000000000000000000000000000000 Eugerygone_rubra 01000010000001000000000010000000000000000000000000000000000 Falcunculus_frontatus 01000010000001000000000000001000000000001000000100000000000 Formicarius_colma 10010100001000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Fringilla_montifringilla 01000001000000001000000000000000000001000000000000000000000 Furnarius_rufus 10010100010000000000100000000000000000000000000000000000000 Gallus_gallus 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Garrulax_milleti 01000001000000010000000000000000010000000000000000000000000 Grallina_cyanoleuca 01000010000001000000000000001000000000000010000000000010000 Gymnorhina_tibicen 01000010000001000000000000001000000000000100000000010000000 Hirundo_pyrrhonota 01000001000000010000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Hirundo_rustica 01000001000000010000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Hylophilus_poicilotis 01000010000001000000000000010000000000000000000000000000000 Icterus_parisorum 01000001000000001000000000000000000001000000001000000000000 Irena_cyanogaster 01000010000001000000000001000000000000000000000000000000000 Lalage_leucomela 01000010000001000000000000001000000000000100000000001000000 Lanius_excubitor 01000010000001000000000000100000000000000000000000000000000 Loboparadisaea_sericea 01000010000001000000000000001000000000000100000000100000000 Malurus_melanocephalus 01000010000010000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Manucodia_atra 01000010000001000000000000001000000000000100000000100000000 Manucodia_chalybata 01000010000001000000000000001000000000000100000000100000000 Melampitta_gigantea 01000010000001000000000000001000000000000100000000100000000 Melampitta_lugubris 01000010000001000000000000001000000000000100000000100000000 Melanocharis_nigra 01000001000000001000000000000000000100000000000000000000000 Melanocharis_versteri 01000001000000001000000000000000000100000000000000000000000 Melanodryas_cucullata 01000010000001000000000010000000000000000000000000000000000 Meliphaga_analoga 01000010000010000000000100000000000000000000000000000000000 Menura_novaehollandiae 01000010000100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Microeca_papuana 01000010000001000000000010000000000000000000000000000000000 Mimus_patagonicus 01000001000000100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Mionectes_macconnellii 10011000000000000001000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Modulatrix_stictigula 01000001000000010000000000000000010000000000100000000000010 Monarcha_axillaris 01000010000001000000000000001000000000000010000000000010000 Monarcha_chrysomela 01000010000001000000000000001000000000000010000000000010000 Motacilla_cinerea 01000001000000001000000000000000000010000000000000000000000 Muscicapa_ferruginea 01000001000000100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Nectarinia_olivacea 01000001000000001000000000000000001000000000010000000000000 Neodrepanis_coruscans 10100000100000000010000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Oedistoma_iliolophum 01000001000000001000000000000000000100000000000000000000001 Oreoica_gutturalis 01000010000001000000000000001000000000001000000100000000000 Oriolus_larvatus 01000010000001000000000000001000000000000100000000001000000 Oriolus_xanthonotus 01000010000001000000000000001000000000000100000000001000000 Orthonyx_spaldingii 01000010000001000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Orthonyx_teminckii 01000010000001000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Pachycephala_hyperthra 01000010000001000000000000001000000000001000000010000000000 Pachycephala_soror 01000010000001000000000000001000000000001000000010000000000 Pachycephalopsis_poliosoma 01000010000001000000000010000000000000000000000000000000000 Paradisaea_raggiana 01000010000001000000000000001000000000000100000000100000000 Paramythia_montium 01000001000000001000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Pardalotus_punctatus 01000010000010000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Pardalotus_striatus 01000010000010000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Parula_americana 01000001000000001000000000000000000001000000001000000000000 Parus_inornatus 01000001000000010000000000000000100000000000000000000000000 Parus_major 01000001000000010000000000000000100000000000000000000000000 Passer_montanus 01000001000000001000000000000000000010000000000000000000000 Peneothello_bimaculatus 01000010000001000000000010000000000000000000000000000000000 Pericrocotus_ethologus 01000010000001000000000000001000000000000100000000001000000 Philepitta_castanea 10100000100000000010000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Philesturnus_carunculatus 01000010000001000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Picathartes_gymnocephalus 010000??000000000000000000000100000000000000000000000000000 Pipra_coronata 10011000000000000001000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Pitohui_cristatus 01000010000001000000000000001000000000001000000010000000000 Pitta_sordida 10100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Ploceus_cucullatus 01000001000000001000000000000000000010000000000000000000000 Polioptila_caerulea 01000001000000010000000000000001000000000000000000000000000 Pomatostomus_halli 01000010000001000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Pomatostomus_isidorei 01000010000001000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Prionops_plumatus 01000010000001000000000000001000000000000001000000000000100 Promerops_cafer 01000001000000001000000000000000001000000000000000000000000 Prunella_collaris 01000001000000001000000000000000000010000000000000000000000 Psarisomus_dalhousiae 10100000100000000100000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Ptilogonys_cinereus 01000001000000100000000000000010000000000000000000000000000 Ptilonorhynchus_violaceus 01000010000100000000001000000000000000000000000000000000000 Ptiloris_magnificus 01000010000001000000000000001000000000000100000000100000000 Ptilorrhoa_caerulescens 01000010000001000000000000001000000000000000000000000000000 Pycnonotus_barbatus 01000001000000010000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Regulus_calendula 01000001000000010000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Regulus_satrapa 01000001000000010000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Remiz_pendulinus 01000001000000010000000000000000100000000000000000000000000 Rhipidura_hyperthra 01000010000001000000000000001000000000000010000000000000000 Rupicola_rupicola 10011000000000000001000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Schiffornis_turdinus 10011000000000000001000000000000000000100000000000000000000 Scytalopus_magellanicus 10010100001000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Sitta_carolinensis 01000001000000010000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Smithornis_rufolateralis 10100000100000000100000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Sphecotheres_viridis 01000010000001000000000000001000000000000100000000001000000 Strepera_graculina 01000010000001000000000000001000000000000100000000010000000 Struthidea_cinerea 01000010000001000000000000001000000000010000000000000000000 Sturnus_vulgaris 01000001000000100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Sylvia_nana 01000001000000010000000000000000010000000000100000000000000 Telophorus_dohertyi 01000010000001000000000000001000000000000001000000000001000 Thamnophilus_nigrocinereus 10010000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Thraupis_cyanocephala 01000001000000001000000000000000000001000000001000000000000 Tityra_semifasciata 10011000000000000001000000000000000000100000000000000000000 Toxorhamphus_novaeguineae 01000001000000001000000000000000000100000000000000000000001 Tregellasia_leucops 01000010000001000000000010000000000000000000000000000000000 Troglodytes_aedon 01000001000000010000000000000001000000000000000000000000000 Turdus_falklandii 01000001000000100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Tyrannus_tyrannus 10011000000000000001000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Vanga_curvirostris 01000010000001000000000000001000000000000001000000000000100 Vireo_philadelphia 01000010000001000000000000010000000000000000000000000000000 Yuhina_zantholeuca 01000001000000010000000000000000010000000000100000000000010 Zosterops_senegalensis 01000001000000010000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 ; END;