@ARTICLE{TreeBASE2Ref20691,
author = {James I. Cohen},
title = {Continuous characters in phylogenetic analyses: Patterns of corolla tube length evolution in Lithospermum L. (Boraginaceae)},
year = {2012},
keywords = {ancestral character state reconstruction, Boraginaceae, continuous character, corolla evolution, Lithospermum, molecular dating},
doi = {},
url = {http://},
pmid = {},
journal = {Biological Journal of the Linnean Society},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
abstract = {The present study is an investigation of six different scoring schemes and eight different types of analytic methods to investigate the evolution of a continuous character ? corolla tube length ? in Lithospermum L. (Boraginaceae). Corolla tube length in the genus is quite variable, ranging from 1 mm to 75 mm, and the length of the corolla tube has implications for pollination biology, such as longer corolla tubes (>25 mm in length) being pollinated by hummingbirds or moths. In general, the various methods resolve similar ancestral character states; however, different states are reconstructed at nodes in which the descendants greatly differ in corolla tube length. Additionally, it is suggested that all of the variation of a continuous character should be included in analyses, and this may necessitate multiple analyses with different partitions of the data. The various analyses provide evidence that two Maximum Parsimony methods, linear parsimony and the TNT method, minimize the number of different rates of evolution. In Lithospermum, six origins of corolla tubes greater than 20 mm in length are resolved, and these origins occurred at two different times periods: 1) in the shadow of hummingbird diversification in North America (ca. 6-8 Myr) and 2) more recently (ca. 1-1.5 Myr). Four substantial decreases in corolla tube length also are reconstructed, and these may be associated with the origin of self-pollination.}
}
Matrix 13127 of Study 12700
Citation title:
"Continuous characters in phylogenetic analyses: Patterns of corolla tube length evolution in Lithospermum L. (Boraginaceae)".
Study name:
"Continuous characters in phylogenetic analyses: Patterns of corolla tube length evolution in Lithospermum L. (Boraginaceae)".
This study is part of submission 12700
(Status: Published).
Matrices
Title: Corolla Tube Lengths
Rows
|
Taxon Label |
Row Segments |
Characters 1?–30 |
| Buglossoides arvense |
(none)
|
(no data) |
| Buglossoides purpurocaerulea |
(none)
|
(no data) |
| Buglossoides tenuiflora |
(none)
|
(no data) |
| Glandora diffusa |
(none)
|
(no data) |
| Glandora oleifolia |
(none)
|
(no data) |
| Lithospermum calcicola |
(none)
|
(no data) |
| Lithospermum californicum |
(none)
|
(no data) |
| Lithospermum calycosum |
(none)
|
(no data) |
| Lithospermum canescens |
(none)
|
(no data) |
| Lithospermum caroliniense |
(none)
|
(no data) |
| Lithospermum cinereum |
(none)
|
(no data) |
| Lithospermum cobrense |
(none)
|
(no data) |
| Lithospermum discolor |
(none)
|
(no data) |
| Lithospermum distichum |
(none)
|
(no data) |
| Lithospermum erythrorhizon |
(none)
|
(no data) |
| Lithospermum exsertum |
(none)
|
(no data) |
| Lithospermum flavum |
(none)
|
(no data) |
| Lithospermum gayanum |
(none)
|
(no data) |
| Lithospermum helleri |
(none)
|
(no data) |
| Lithospermum johnstonii |
(none)
|
(no data) |
| Lithospermum latifolium |
(none)
|
(no data) |
| Lithospermum leonotis |
(none)
|
(no data) |
| Lithospermum macromeria |
(none)
|
(no data) |
| Lithospermum matamorense |
(none)
|
(no data) |
| Lithospermum molle |
(none)
|
(no data) |
| Lithospermum multiflorum |
(none)
|
(no data) |
| Lithospermum nelsonii |
(none)
|
(no data) |
| Lithospermum notatum |
(none)
|
(no data) |
| Lithospermum oblongifolium |
(none)
|
(no data) |
| Lithospermum obovatum |
(none)
|
(no data) |
| Lithospermum officinale |
(none)
|
(no data) |
| Lithospermum parksii |
(none)
|
(no data) |
| Lithospermum parksii X incisum |
(none)
|
(no data) |
| Lithospermum revolutum |
(none)
|
(no data) |
| Lithospermum rosei |
(none)
|
(no data) |
| Lithospermum ruderale |
(none)
|
(no data) |
| Lithospermum scabrum |
(none)
|
(no data) |
| Lithospermum strictum |
(none)
|
(no data) |
| Lithospermum trinervium |
(none)
|
(no data) |
| Lithospermum tuberosum |
(none)
|
(no data) |
| Lithospermum tubuliflorum |
(none)
|
(no data) |
| Lithospermum viride |
(none)
|
(no data) |
Columns
| Column |
Character Description |
|
1
|
MIN
|
|
2
|
MAX
|
|
3
|
MEAN
|
|
4
|
MAX AND MIN
|
Go to search
Citation
Taxa
Matrices
Trees
Analyses
