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1
|
Anterohyal shape
|
|
2
|
Anterohyal shape
|
|
3
|
Basibranchial 2
|
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4
|
Basibranchial 3, shape
|
|
5
|
Number of branchiostegals
|
|
6
|
Mesial facing process on branchiostegal 3
|
|
7
|
Length of accessory process of ceratobranchial 1 (ordered)
|
|
8
|
Width of accessory process of ceratobranchial 1 (ordered)
|
|
9
|
Width of ceratobranchial 3
|
|
10
|
Shape of ceratobranchial 5
|
|
11
|
Posteromedial invagination of ceratobranchial 5
|
|
12
|
Connections of ceratobranchial 5
|
|
13
|
Posterolateral process on ceratobranchial 5
|
|
14
|
Accessory process on first epibranchial
|
|
15
|
Mesial surface of epibranchial 1
|
|
16
|
Anterior-facing process on epibranchial 4 located basally to the gill rakers
|
|
17
|
Posterior shelf of epibranchial 4
|
|
18
|
Gill rakers on epibranchial 4
|
|
19
|
Anteromesial projections on hypohyal
|
|
20
|
Width of hypohyal
|
|
21
|
Hypohyal, spindle-shaped
|
|
22
|
Hypobranchial 1
|
|
23
|
Hypobranchial 1
|
|
24
|
Hypobranchial 2
|
|
25
|
Infrapharyngobranchial 4
|
|
26
|
Interhyal
|
|
27
|
Interhyal
|
|
28
|
Interhyal
|
|
29
|
Upper pharyngeal jaw
|
|
30
|
Upper pharyngeal tooth plate
|
|
31
|
Upper pharyngeal tooth plate, shelf lateral to the bulbous section
|
|
32
|
Lateral edge of posterohyal
|
|
33
|
Contact of mesial surface of hyomandibula with quadrate posteroventrally
|
|
34
|
Hyomandibula sutured to pterotic-supracleithrum posterior to cartilaginous condyle of hyomandibula
|
|
35
|
Hyomandibula contacts prootic
|
|
36
|
Anterior margin of hyomandibula sutured to posterior metapterygoid along entire length
|
|
37
|
Opercular condyle of hyomandibula on a process extended beyond posterior margin
|
|
38
|
Length of opercular condyle of hyomandibula
|
|
39
|
Thin, posterior process on hyomandibula just dorsal to opercle
|
|
40
|
Posterior part of hyomandibula beyond opercle
|
|
41
|
Posterior process of hyomandibula incorporated within hyomandibula
|
|
42
|
Posterior region of hyomandibula greatly deflected
|
|
43
|
Ridge on mesial side of hyomandibula located anterodorsally
|
|
44
|
Levator arcus palatini crest (ordered)
|
|
45
|
Levator arcus palatini crest of hyomandibula
|
|
46
|
Hyomandibula deflected beyond posterior margin
|
|
47
|
Process on preoperculo-hyomandibular ridge
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|
48
|
Preoperculo-hyomandibular ridge continuous
|
|
49
|
Ridge on hyomandibula (contiguous with ridge on quadrate)
|
|
50
|
Zipperlike connection of metapterygoid to lateral ethmoid
|
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51
|
Anterior connection between metapterygoid and lateral ethmoid
|
|
52
|
Metapterygoid channel
|
|
53
|
Lateral wall of metapterygoid channel
|
|
54
|
Walls of metapterygoid channel
|
|
55
|
Walls of metapterygoid channel
|
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56
|
Section of metapterygoid dorsal to the anterior process
|
|
57
|
Articulating surface between metapterygoid and lateral ethmoid
|
|
58
|
Anterior process on metapterygoid
|
|
59
|
Ventromesial process of palatine
|
|
60
|
Palatine
|
|
61
|
Orientation of preopercle
|
|
62
|
Exit of preopercular latero-sensory canal
|
|
63
|
Preopercular latero-sensory canal extended posteriorly
|
|
64
|
Quadrate
|
|
65
|
Ventral process on quadrate for articulation with canal plate
|
|
66
|
Quadrate with flap extending below symplectic foramen
|
|
67
|
Articulating condyle of quadrate
|
|
68
|
Longitudinal ridge running the length of the quadrate laterally
|
|
69
|
Angle of dentaries
|
|
70
|
Angle of maxilla
|
|
71
|
Shape of maxilla
|
|
72
|
Premaxilla with cartilaginous connection to mesethmoid
|
|
73
|
Interopercular sesamoid
|
|
74
|
Interoperculo-mandibular ligament
|
|
75
|
Shape of ancistrine opercle (ordered)
|
|
76
|
Double attachment of opercle
|
|
77
|
Maximum forward position of opercle (ordered)
|
|
78
|
Hatchet-shaped opercle
|
|
79
|
Opercle
|
|
80
|
Suprapreopercle
|
|
81
|
Number of rows of plates between suprapreopercle and exposed portion of opercle (ordered)
|
|
82
|
Canal plate
|
|
83
|
Canal plate, number and size
|
|
84
|
Canal plate
|
|
85
|
Contact of canal plate with suspensorium
|
|
86
|
Canal in canal plate
|
|
87
|
Preopercular latero-sensory canal leaves preopercle at first exit and enters a plate
|
|
88
|
Number of cheek plates between the canal plate and opercle (ordered)
|
|
89
|
IO6
|
|
90
|
IO4
|
|
91
|
Number of infraorbitals (ordered)
|
|
92
|
Lateral line
|
|
93
|
Ridge formed by Baudelot?s ligament
|
|
94
|
Contact between frontal and orbit
|
|
95
|
Shape of lateral ethmoid
|
|
96
|
Nasal capsule
|
|
97
|
Ridge on lateral ethmoid
|
|
98
|
Pouch on ventral surface of lateral ethmoid
|
|
99
|
Posterior contact with metapterygoid
|
|
100
|
Mesethmoid disk (ordered)
|
|
101
|
Mesethmoid disk, relative placement
|
|
102
|
Mesethmoid flares anteriorly
|
|
103
|
Mesethmoid anterior edge serrate
|
|
104
|
Mesethmoid continued as a long blade anterior to disk (or well beyond the jaws in species without a disk)
|
|
105
|
Size of nasal
|
|
106
|
Parasphenoid on orbitosphenoid
|
|
107
|
Pterotic-supracleithrum expanded anteroposteriorly
|
|
108
|
Shape of pterotic-supracleithrum
|
|
109
|
Perforations in pterotic-supracleithrum
|
|
110
|
Anterior process of pterotic-supracleithrum
|
|
111
|
Anterior process of pterotic-supracleithrum separated mesially from main body, connected by a strut (ordered)
|
|
112
|
Forward extent of anterior process
|
|
113
|
Bifurcation of anterior process of pteroticsupracleithrum
|
|
114
|
Strut of the pterotic-supracleithrum directed ventrally so that it is visible from below
|
|
115
|
Dorsomesial process on pterotic-supracleithrum
|
|
116
|
Sphenotic
|
|
117
|
Sphenotic, external contact with posteriormost infraorbital
|
|
118
|
Supraoccipital crest
|
|
119
|
Anteriorly directed transverse processes on eighth vertebra
|
|
120
|
Number of vertebrae from first normal neural spine behind dorsal fin to spine under preadipose plate
|
|
121
|
Number of vertebrae from first normal neural spine behind dorsal fin up to, but not including, hypural plate (ordered)
|
|
122
|
Bifid haemal spines
|
|
123
|
Hypurals
|
|
124
|
Posterior margin of the hypural plate
|
|
125
|
First neural spine, positioning
|
|
126
|
Perforations in bifid neural spines
|
|
127
|
Trifid neural spines posterior to dorsal fin
|
|
128
|
Distal margin of the rib of the sixth vertebral centrum
|
|
129
|
Ribs beyond enlarged rib of the sixth vertebral centrum
|
|
130
|
Weberian complex centrum
|
|
131
|
Distal margin of transverse process of Weberian complex centrum
|
|
132
|
Distal margin of transverse process of Weberian complex centrum
|
|
133
|
Tip of transverse process of Weberian complex centrum
|
|
134
|
Transverse process of Weberian complex centrum
|
|
135
|
Tip of transverse processes of Weberian complex centrum
|
|
136
|
Lateral processes of tripus (LPT)
|
|
137
|
Adipose fin
|
|
138
|
Preadipose plates
|
|
139
|
Connecting bone
|
|
140
|
Connecting bone/tendon
|
|
141
|
Connecting bone, contact with nuchal plate
|
|
142
|
Number of dorsal-fin rays
|
|
143
|
Dorsal-fin membrane continues posteriorly
|
|
144
|
Chain-link of proximal dorsal spine to second dorsal-fin pterygiophore
|
|
145
|
Number of dorsal-fin radial elements with transverse processes (ordered)
|
|
146
|
Nuchal plate
|
|
147
|
Nuchal plate
|
|
148
|
Spinelet
|
|
149
|
Spinelet
|
|
150
|
Number of branched anal-fin rays (ordered)
|
|
151
|
First anal-fin pterygiophore with a lateral ridge posterior to the widened anterior surface
|
|
152
|
Adductor fossa
|
|
153
|
Adductor fossa
|
|
154
|
Adductor fossa, exposure (ordered)
|
|
155
|
Shape of cleithrum
|
|
156
|
Shape of posterior margin of the exposed cleithrum
|
|
157
|
Shape of exposed cleithral process
|
|
158
|
Posterior process of coracoid
|
|
159
|
Posterior process of coracoid
|
|
160
|
Posterior section of coracoid
|
|
161
|
Lateral strut of coracoid
|
|
162
|
Lateral strut of coracoid
|
|
163
|
Passage of arrector ventralis through a channel
|
|
164
|
Space between posterior process of coracoid strut and posterior process of coracoid
|
|
165
|
Suture of pectoral girdle
|
|
166
|
Pectoral-fin spines greatly elongated in males
|
|
167
|
Anterolateral processes
|
|
168
|
Anterolateral processes fused to anteromesial processes
|
|
169
|
Anterolateral process of the basipterygium
|
|
170
|
Anteromesial processes
|
|
171
|
Fenestra present anterior to cartilaginous section
|
|
172
|
Ventral ridge of the basipterygium
|
|
173
|
Posteroventral ridge of the basipterygium
|
|
174
|
Posterior process of the basipterygium (Armbruster, 1998b)
|
|
175
|
Lateropterygium of pelvic girdle
|
|
176
|
Two rows of the first pelvic-fin ray
|
|
177
|
First pelvic-fin rays greatly widened in adults
|
|
178
|
Central buccal papilla
|
|
179
|
Buccal papillae
|
|
180
|
Single papilla located behind each dentary
|
|
181
|
Barbel
|
|
182
|
Number of barbels
|
|
183
|
Hypertrophied odontodes on cheeks
|
|
184
|
Evertible cheek plates (ordered)
|
|
185
|
One or two extremely hypertrophied odontodes on cheek
|
|
186
|
Whiskerlike odontodes
|
|
187
|
Fleshy pad covering odontodes on cheeks of nuptial males
|
|
188
|
Hypertrophied odontodes along snout margin anterior to cheek spines
|
|
189
|
Optic notch
|
|
190
|
Position of pectoral fins in relation to first pelvicfin ray when depressed parallel to body axis
|
|
191
|
Number of caudal-fin rays
|
|
192
|
Postdorsal ridge
|
|
193
|
Lips forming suckerlike disk
|
|
194
|
Numerous small plates behind pterotic-supracleithrum
|
|
195
|
Contact between plates prior to anal fin
|
|
196
|
Number of plate rows at thinnest part of caudal peduncle
|
|
197
|
Number of predorsal plates
|
|
198
|
Keeling of plates
|
|
199
|
Hypertrophied odontodes on bodies of nuptial males
|
|
200
|
Extremely elongated odontodes on top of the snout
|
|
201
|
Snout
|
|
202
|
Snout
|
|
203
|
Abdominal plating
|
|
204
|
Teeth in nuptial males
|
|
205
|
Teeth
|
|
206
|
Fleshy appendages around both jaws
|
|
207
|
Lower lip fimbriate
|
|
208
|
Fleshy tentacles on snout (ordered)
|
|
209
|
Tentacules on pectoral fins (ordered)
|
|
210
|
Oesophagus
|
|
211
|
U-shaped diverticulum (ordered)
|
|
212
|
Diverticulum nearly completing a ring
|
|
213
|
Stomach greatly expanded and connected to the abdominal wall by a connective tissue sheet
|
|
214
|
Stomach expanded such that it extends anteriorly to the pectoral girdle and intestine exits dorsally from expanded region
|
|
215
|
Swim bladder
|
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Citation
Taxa
Matrices
Trees
Analyses
Citation title: "Phylogenetic relationships of the suckermouth armoured catfishes (Loricariidae) with emphasis on the Hypostominae and the Ancistrinae".
