@ARTICLE{TreeBASE2Ref22389, author = {Jack Viljoen and A. Muthama Muasya and Russell L Barrett and Jeremy J Bruhl and Adele K. Gibbs and Jasper Alexander Slingsby and Karen L. Wilson and George Anthony Verboom}, title = {Radiation and repeated transoceanic dispersal of Schoeneae (Cyperaceae) through the Southern Hemisphere}, year = {2013}, keywords = {biogeography; dispersal-extinction-cladogenesis; habitat shift; niche conservatism; polytomy prior; transoceanic dispersal}, doi = {}, url = {http://}, pmid = {}, journal = {American Journal of Botany}, volume = {}, number = {}, pages = {}, abstract = {Premise of the study: The broad austral distribution of Schoeneae is almost certainly a product of long-distance dispersal. Owing to the inadequacies of existing phylogenetic data and a lack of rigorous biogeographic analysis, relationships within the tribe remain poorly resolved and its pattern of radiation and dispersal uncertain. We employ an expanded sampling of taxa and markers and a rigorous analytic approach to address these limitations. We evaluate the roles of geography and ecology in stimulating the initial radiation of the group and in its subsequent dispersal across the Southern Hemisphere. Methods: A dated tree was reconstructed using reversible-jump MCMC with a polytomy prior and molecular dating, applied to data from two nuclear and three cpDNA regions. Ancestral areas and habitats were inferred using dispersal-extinction-cladogenesis models. Key results: Schoeneae originated in Australia in the Pal?ocene. The existence of a "hard" polytomy at the base of the clade reflects the rapid divergence of six principal lineages ca. 50 Ma within Australia. From this ancestral area, Schoeneae have traversed the austral oceans with remarkable frequency, a total of 29 distinct dispersal events reported here. Dispersal rates between landmasses are not explicable by the geographical distances separating them. Transoceanic dispersal generally involved habitat stasis. Conclusions: Although the role of dispersal in explaining global distribution patterns is now widely accepted, the apparent ease with which such dispersal may occur has perhaps been under-appreciated. In Schoeneae, transoceanic dispersal has been remarkably frequent, with ecological opportunity, rather than geography, being most important in dictating dispersal patterns.} }

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