@ARTICLE{TreeBASE2Ref15246, author = {Bryn T. M. Dentinger and David J. McLaughlin}, title = {Reconstructing the Clavariaceae using nuclear large subunit rDNA sequences and a new genus segregated from Clavaria}, year = {2006}, keywords = {Actiniceps, agaric, Chaetotyphula, clamp connection, coral mushroom, Dimorphocystis, Eumycota, Holocoryne, Hymenomycetes, Macrotyphula, molecular systematics, morphological evolution, Physalacria, Typhula}, doi = {10.3852/mycologia.98.5.746}, url = {}, pmid = {}, journal = {Mycologia}, volume = {98}, number = {5}, pages = {746--762}, abstract = {Fungi that produce clavarioid fruitbodies have evolved independently many times in the Basidiomycota. The evolutionary significance of this morphology is difficult to interpret because the phylogenetic positions of many clavarioid fungi are still unknown. In this study, we examined the phylogenetic diversity of the Clavariaceae sensu lato among Homobasidiomycetidae by adding partial nuclear large subunit ribosomal DNA sequences from clavarioid and corticioid fungi to a large euagaric dataset, and analyzing them both together and separately. Our results confirm that the clavarioid morphology has evolved multiple times within the euagarics, and that these may be reduced fruitbody types that have been repeatedly derived from agaricoid or corticioid ancestors. In some cases it was difficult to determine phylogenetic affinities of certain taxa due to ambiguous or dubious identifications of sequences downloaded from GenBank, while in other cases our results were more clear. We propose the new genus Alloclavaria to accommodate Clavaria purpurea, which is not related to Clavaria, but is derived within the hymenochaetoid clade. The Clavariaceae needs redefinition to reflect a monophyletic group and the limits of Clavaria, Clavulinopsis, and Ramariopsis should be reconsidered when additional data are available.} }

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