#NEXUS [!This data set was downloaded from TreeBASE, a relational database of phylogenetic knowledge. TreeBASE has been supported by the NSF, Harvard University, Yale University, SDSC and UC Davis. Please do not remove this acknowledgment from the Nexus file. Generated on April 25, 2024; 11:23 GMT TreeBASE (cc) 1994-2008 Study reference: Yoshizawa K., & Lienhard C. 2016. Bridging the gap between chewing and sucking in the hemipteroid insects: new insights from Cretaceous amber. Zootaxa, 4079(2): 229–245. TreeBASE Study URI: http://purl.org/phylo/treebase/phylows/study/TB2:S17857] BEGIN TAXA; TITLE Taxa1; DIMENSIONS NTAX=33; TAXLABELS Aleyrodes Cacopsylla Caecilius Centrotus Ceratocombus Cerobasis Cicadella Cicadetta Cixius Coccus Columbicola Delphacidae Drepanosiphum Embidopsocus Frankliniella Graphosoma Hackeriella Haematomyzus Ictinus Javesella Liposcelis Locusta Mydiognathus Nemoura Nevrorthus Pediculus Philaenus Pseudococcus Systelloderes Tettigonia Trinoton Xyela Zorotypus ; END; BEGIN CHARACTERS; [! TreeBASE Matrix URI: http://purl.org/phylo/treebase/phylows/matrix/TB2:M36621] TITLE Paraneoptera_Morphology_incl._paleo; LINK TAXA = Taxa1; DIMENSIONS NCHAR=118; FORMAT DATATYPE=Standard SYMBOLS= "0 1 2 3" MISSING=? GAP= -; CHARSTATELABELS 1 Rupturing_mechanism_at_the_base_of_the_antennal_flagellum / absent present, 2 Exposure_of_mouthparts / largely_or_completely_exposed 'left mandible enclosed in a pouch formed by anteclypeal wall, labrum, stipes, and hypopharynx' bases_of_mandibular_and_maxillary_stylets_articulate_inside_head_with_mandibular_and_maxillary_plates, 3 Right_mandible / present reduced, 4 Shape_of_mandibles / not_elongated elongated, 5 Cardo / present strongly_reduced_or_absent fused_with_stipes, 6 Lacinia / absent present, 7 Insertion_of_lacinia / on_stipes detached_from_stipes, 8 Lacinia / 'not elongate and stylet-like' 'elongate and stylet-like', 9 Labial_rostrum / absent present, 10 Labial_palps / absent_or_strongly_reduced comprising_at_least_2_segments, 11 'Cibarial water-vapour uptake apparatus' / absent present, 12 Jugal_“bar” / absent present, 13 Abdominal_ganglia / more_than_two_separate_ganglia two_separate_ganglia one_single_ganglionic_mass, 14 Eyes_of_immature_stages / persist disintegrate_or_pulled_back_proximally_into_cerebrum, 15 External_wing_buds / present absent, 16 Pupal_stage / absent present, 17 Appearance_of_compound_eyes / before_ultimate_immature_stage in_ultimate_immature_stage, 18 Ocelli_of_immature_stages / present absent, 19 Cerci_of_immature_stages / present absent, 20 Tegulae_of_the_forewing / present absent, 21 Size_and_shape_of_tegulae / small 'enlarged, with broad extension encircling the entire margin', 22 Attachment_of_tegulae_to_body_wall / narrow broad, 23 HP_and_BSc / separated_from_each_other connected_with_each_other, 24 BSc / distant_from_2Ax closely_adjacent_with_the_anteroproximal_corner_of_2Ax fused_with_anteroproximal_part_of_2Ax, 25 'BR and HP + BSc' / fused_with_each_other separated_from_each_other, 26 BR_and_2Ax / separated_from_each_other fused, 27 2Ax / nearly_flat anterior_region_inflated, 28 2Ax / divided not_divided, 29 Position_of_PMP / distad_2Ax posterodistad_2Ax, 30 PMP / nearly_flat deeply_concave, 31 PMP / almost_evenly_sclerotized distal_margin_sclerotized_more_strongly_than_its_other_regions, 32 PMP / well_sclerotized 'reduced, often completely membranous', 33 DMP / not_divided divided_into_2_sclerites, 34 DMP / distant_from_2Ax 'placed next to 2Ax, articulating along a convex hinge', 35 DMP / large reduced_in_size, 36 Distal_arm_of_3Ax_and_DMP / articulating_with_each_other not_articulating_with_each_other, 37 Anterior_arm_of_3Ax / present absent, 38 3Ax_and_BA / separate_from_posterior_margin_of_forewing_base attached_to_posterior_margin_of_forewing_base, 39 BA_and_PMP / separate_from_each_other fused_with_each_other, 40 Lateral_hypopharyngeal_arm / present absent, 41 Ovarioles / not_polytrophic polytrophic telotrophic panoistic, 42 Maxillary_palps / 'present, with four segments or more' absent_or_reduced_number_of_segments, 43 Abdominal_sternite_1 / present absent, 44 Number_of_axonemes_in_spermatozoans / zero one two three, 45 Gonangulum / not_fused_with_tergum_IX fused_with_tergum_IX, 46 Pretentorium / absent_or_if_present_not_connecting_internal_extremities_of_mandibular_lever_and_corpotentorium unites_internal_extremities_of_mandibular_lever_and_corpotentorium, 47 Lacinial_gland / absent present, 48 Male_genitalia / 'symmetrical, or if asymmetrical, asymmetry not involving pregenital segments' 'asymmetrical, this asymmetry often involving pregenital segments', 49 Accessory_salivary_glands_generally / not_tubular of_the_tubular_type, 50 Number_of_eye_trichobothria_of_first_instars / one_or_absent two, 51 'Number of ommatidia in first-instar larvae' / '4-5' more_than_five, 52 'Number of tarsomeres in first-instar larvae' / one two, 53 Forewings / 'completely uniform or if differentiated, not forming a distinct corium-clavus and membrane' 'forewing divided into a distinct corium-clavus and membrane', 54 Cephalic_trichobothria / absent_in_adults present_in_adults, 55 Metathoracic_scent_gland_system / absent present, 56 Labium / not_tubular tubular_labium_with_three_segments tubular_labium_with_four_segments, 57 Insertion_of_tubular_labium / posteriorly_on_the_head anteriorly_on_the_head, 58 Dorsal_abdominal_glands_in_immature_stages / absent present, 59 Number_of_antennal_flagellomeres / more_than_4 4_or_less, 60 'Articulations between the mesomere, anterodorsal extension of ventral plate and posterior end of basal plate' / absent present, 61 Length_of_basal_apodeme_of_the_phallic_organ / short 'long, longer than basal plate', 62 Third_posterodorsal_corner_of_basal_plate / not_extended extended_posteriorly, 63 Basal_apodeme_of_the_phallic_organ / present absent, 64 Width_of_basal_apodeme / narrow as_broad_as_or_broader_than_basal_plate, 65 Ventral_plates_1 / separated partly_fused_anteriorly, 66 Ventral_plates_2 / separated_or_partly_fused completely_fused, 67 Mesomere_of_the_aedeagus / rounded_posteriorly pointed_posteriorly, 68 Posteromedian_part_of_basal_plate / membranous sclerotized, 69 Anterior_end_of_mesomere / articulated_with_basal_plate articulated_with_paramere, 70 Paired_ocelli_in_nymphs_or_larvae / absent present, 71 'Intrinsic antennal muscles (Mm. scapopedicellares) in immature stages' / absent present, 72 Ventral_metasternal_process / absent present, 73 Sensory_plate_organs_of_pedicel / absent present, 74 Evan’s_organ / absent present, 75 Ductus_ejaculatorius / normal modified_as_a_sperm_pump, 76 Proximal_abdomen_pediculate_by_reduction_of_the_1st_and_2nd_segment / absent present, 77 Hind_coxae / normally_developed 'broad, closely adjacent', 78 Proboscis / absent shifted_posteriorly_between_bases_of_procoxae not_shifted_posteriorly_between_bases_of_procoxae, 79 Posterior_parts_of_the_head_capsule / sclerotized membraneous, 80 Connective_tissue_occluding_occipital_foramen / absent present, 81 Ovipositor_simplified / absent present, 82 Spiracular_glands / absent present, 83 Extension_of_the_occipital_apodeme_reaching_into_the_thorax / absent present, 84 Pronotum_and_procoxae / not_fused fused, 85 Position_of_anterior_tentorial_pits / frontal_side_of_head absent shifted_dorsally, 86 Fusion_of_head_and_thorax / absent present, 87 Body_and_head / not_flattened dorsoventrally_flattened, 88 Hind_femora / not_enlarged enlarged, 89 'Meso- and metanotum' / not_fused fused, 90 Compound_eyes / not_reduced only_2_ommatidia_or_less, 91 Labial_palp / present absent, 92 Complex_tymbal_acoustic_system / absent present, 93 Aristate_antennal_flagellum / absent present, 94 Malpighian_tubules / more_than_six six four_or_less, 95 Labrum / not_narrowed narrowed, 96 Mandibular_and_lacinial_stylets / dicondylar unicondylar, 97 'Pedunculate eggs (with stalk)' / absent present, 98 Gut_with_filter_chamber_containing_Malpighian_tubules / absent present, 99 'Coronal (= median epicranial) suture' / absent present, 100 Parempodia_on_unguitractor_plate / absent 'elongate and setiform, inserted in an alveolus', 101 Number_of_tarsal_segments / one two three more_than_three, 102 Arolium / absent present eversible bilobed, 103 Sticky_terminal_lip_of_arolium / absent present, 104 Pulvilli / absent present, 105 Euplantulae / absent present, 106 Number_of_claws / one two 'reduced into spoon-shaped plates' main_claw_plus_accessory_claw, 107 Claw_teeth / absent present, 108 Protuberance_with_microtrichia_on_distolateral_side_of_the_pretarsus / absent present, 109 Sensorial_setae_on_mesal_side_of_arolium / absent present, 110 Adhesive_claw_setae / absent present, 111 Eversible_structure_between_tibia_and_tarsus / absent present, 112 'Tibial thumb-like process' / absent present, 113 Empodial_paronychium / absent present, 114 Tarsal_apophysis_on_the_ventral_side_of_the_tarsus / absent present, 115 Two_dorsal_capitate_setae / absent present, 116 'Flag-like sensilla on the 1st tarsal segment' / absent present, 117 Fingerlike_process_below_claw / absent present, 118 Ventral_brush / absent present, ; MATRIX [ 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 ] [ . . . . . . . . . . . ] Aleyrodes 0201111110012000011????????????0????????21101??0????000?000??????????01000111110000020000010021110101100010--000100000 Cacopsylla 020111111001200001100012011111101101001021111000????0001000??????????0100011111000002000001002111011131001000000000000 Caecilius 1000211100112000011000110110111010010011101?10000???0000-0000010001000100-00000000000000001002000?1010-1010--000000000 Centrotus 02011111100120000110001201111111110100?0211110000??10001000??????????0100100020000002000001112110110230001001000000000 Ceratocombus 020111?110?120000111--12011111101101001?211????101001112111??????????010000002000000?000001002110?1?10-0010--000000000 Cerobasis 1000211100112000011000110110111010010011101210??0???0000-00??????????0100-00000000000000001002000?1020-1011--100000000 Cicadella 02011111100120000110001201111111110100?0211110000??10001000??????????0100100020000002000001112110110230001001000000000 Cicadetta 02011111100120000110001201111111110100?0211110000??10001000??????????010010002000000200000111211011020-001000000000000 Cixius 02011111100120000110101201111111110100?0211111000??10001000??????????0101100020000002000001112110010211001000000000000 Coccus 0201111110012000011????????????0????????21101???????000?000??????????010000001100000?11001100211001000-1000--000001000 Columbicola 10002111001-20-0011--------------------11112?0100???-000-0110001110000100-0000011110001111100200001000-0000--000000000 Delphacidae 02011111100120000110101201111111110100?0211111000??10001000??????????0101100020000002000001112110010211001000000000000 Drepanosiphum 0201111110012000011000120111111011010010211110000??10001000??????????010000001100000200000100211?01010-1010--000000000 Embidopsocus 1?00211100112000011????????????0???????1101210000???0000-00??????????0100-0000000000001111100200???020-0010--000000000 Frankliniella 01110101010120010110011210111110?111111031131000????0000000??????????0100000020000002010000002110000120002000000000000 Graphosoma 02011111100120000111--120111111011011010211110?011101112111??????????010000002000000200000100211001120-1010--000000001 Hackeriella 02011111100120000111--?????????????????0211?10?00?110112001????????????00100020000002010001002110?10110001000000000000 Haematomyzus 1?0120--000-20-0011--------------------1111??0000???-00??010000110110010000002011111101011100200001000-0030--000000000 Ictinus 00000100010000000000????????????????????010110000???0000-01??????????1100-0000000000000000001?0-000030-0011--000000000 Javesella 02011111100120000110101201111111110100?0211111000??10001000??????????0101100020000002000001112110010211001000000000000 Liposcelis 1?00211100112000011000110110111010010011101210000???0000-001-010000000100-0000000000001111100200??102???????????0?0??0 Locusta 00000100010000000100???????????????????0000100000???0000-00??????????1100-000000000000010000000-0010310011000000000000 Mydiognathus 0001011101????????10001101111110?111001??01?????????0000??0????????????00???000????0000000000?00??1?310001000000000000 Nemoura 000001000100000000000000000000000000000?001100000???0000-00??????????1100-000000000000000000000-00102100010--000000000 Nevrorthus 00000100010101111110????????????????????10010??00???0000-00??????????0010-000000000000000000000-0010310001100000000000 Pediculus 1?0120--000-20-0011--------------------11112?0000???-00??0100001101110100?0002000001101011100200001000-0000--001010010 Philaenus 02011111100120000110001201111111110100?0211110000??10001000??????????0100100020000002000001112110110210001010000000000 Pseudococcus 0201111110012000011????????????0????????21101???????000?000??????????010000001100000?11001100211001000-1000--000000000 Systelloderes 020111?110?120000111--12011111101101001?211????000000112111??????????0100000020000002000001002110?1110-0010--000000001 Tettigonia 00000100010000000100???????????????????0000100000???0000-00??????????1100-000000000000010000000-00103000110--000000000 Trinoton 10002111001-20-0011--------------------1101??0100???-000-0111100000000100-00000010000011111002000?1010-0110--000000100 Xyela 00000100010101111110?1????0?????????????100100000???0000-00??????????0010-0000000000000000000?0-?000310011100000000000 Zorotypus 00000100010?1000000000?????????????????1300100010???0000-00??????????1100-000000000000000000010-000010-0010--000000000 ; END; BEGIN TREES; TITLE Paraneoptera_Morphology_incl._paleo; LINK TAXA = Taxa1; TRANSLATE 1 Ictinus, 2 Nemoura, 3 Tettigonia, 4 Locusta, 5 Xyela, 6 Nevrorthus, 7 Zorotypus, 8 Cerobasis, 9 Liposcelis, 10 Embidopsocus, 11 Caecilius, 12 Trinoton, 13 Columbicola, 14 Haematomyzus, 15 Pediculus, 16 Mydiognathus, 17 Frankliniella, 18 Cacopsylla, 19 Aleyrodes, 20 Drepanosiphum, 21 Pseudococcus, 22 Coccus, 23 Centrotus, 24 Cicadella, 25 Cicadetta, 26 Philaenus, 27 Cixius, 28 Delphacidae, 29 Javesella, 30 Graphosoma, 31 Systelloderes, 32 Ceratocombus, 33 Hackeriella; TREE Fig._5 = [&R] (1,(7,(2,((3,4),((5,6),(((8,11),(9,10,(12,(13,(14,15))))),(16,(17,((33,(30,31,32)),((18,19),(20,(21,22))),((27,28,29),(25,26,(23,24)))))))))))); END;