#NEXUS [!This data set was downloaded from TreeBASE, a relational database of phylogenetic knowledge. TreeBASE has been supported by the NSF, Harvard University, Yale University, SDSC and UC Davis. Please do not remove this acknowledgment from the Nexus file. Generated on March 28, 2024; 16:26 GMT TreeBASE (cc) 1994-2008 Study reference: Adams N.F., Collinson M.E., Smith S.Y., Bamford M.K., Forest F., Malakasi P., Marone F., & Sykes D. 2016. X-rays and virtual taphonomy reveal the first fossil record of Cissus (Vitaceae) in Africa: phylogenetic, biogeographic and paleoenvironmental implications. American Journal of Botany, . TreeBASE Study URI: http://purl.org/phylo/treebase/phylows/study/TB2:S18491] BEGIN TAXA; TITLE Untitled_Taxa_Block; DIMENSIONS NTAX=191; TAXLABELS Ampelocissus_acapulcensis Ampelocissus_africana Ampelocissus_ascendiflora Ampelocissus_costaricensis Ampelocissus_elephantina Ampelocissus_erdwendbergiana Ampelocissus_filipes Ampelocissus_gracilis Ampelocissus_javalensis Ampelocissus_obtusata Ampelocissus_thyrsiflora Ampelopsis_bodinieri Ampelopsis_cantoniensis Ampelopsis_chaffanjonii Ampelopsis_cordata Ampelopsis_delavayana Ampelopsis_rubifolia Cayratia_acris Cayratia_clematidea Cayratia_cordifolia Cayratia_debilis Cayratia_eurynema Cayratia_gracilis Cayratia_imerinensis Cayratia_japonica Cayratia_maritima Cayratia_mollissima Cayratia_pedata Cayratia_saponaria Cayratia_trifolia Cayratia_triternata Cissus_adnata Cissus_albiporcata Cissus_amazonica Cissus_anisophylla Cissus_annamica Cissus_antarctica Cissus_apendiculata Cissus_aphyllantha Cissus_araguainensis Cissus_aralioides Cissus_assamica Cissus_auricoma Cissus_bahiensis Cissus_barbeyana Cissus_biformifolia Cissus_blanchetiana Cissus_bosseri Cissus_cactiformis Cissus_campestris Cissus_cardiophylla Cissus_cornifolia Cissus_decidua Cissus_descoingsii Cissus_diffusa Cissus_diffusiflora Cissus_discolor Cissus_duarteana Cissus_elongata Cissus_erosa Cissus_faucicola Cissus_floribunda Cissus_gongylodes Cissus_granulosa Cissus_hastata Cissus_hypoglauca Cissus_incisa Cissus_integrifolia Cissus_javana Cissus_lanea Cissus_leucophlea Cissus_madecassa Cissus_microcarpa Cissus_microdonta Cissus_neei Cissus_nodosa Cissus_obliqua Cissus_oblonga Cissus_oliveri Cissus_paraensis Cissus_paullinifolia Cissus_penninervis Cissus_pentaclada Cissus_petiolata Cissus_phymatocarpa Cissus_pileata Cissus_polita Cissus_polpunea Cissus_polyantha Cissus_producta Cissus_pseudoguerkeana Cissus_pseudoverticillata Cissus_pulcherrima Cissus_quadrangularis Cissus_quarrei Cissus_reniformis Cissus_repanda Cissus_repens Cissus_rhodotricha Cissus_rhombifolia Cissus_rondoensis Cissus_rostrata Cissus_rotundifolia Cissus_rubiginosa Cissus_sagittifera Cissus_sciaphila Cissus_serroniana Cissus_simsiana Cissus_smithiana Cissus_spinosa Cissus_sterculiifolia Cissus_stipulata Cissus_striata Cissus_subtetragona Cissus_sulcicaulis Cissus_surinamensis Cissus_sylvicola Cissus_tiliacea Cissus_tiliifolia Cissus_tinctoria Cissus_trianae Cissus_trifoliata Cissus_trothae Cissus_tuberosa Cissus_tweediana Cissus_ulmifolia Cissus_verticillata Cissus_vinosa Cissus_welwitschii Cissus_wenshanensis Clematicissus_angustissima Clematicissus_opaca Cyphostemma_adenocaule Cyphostemma_bainesii_ Cyphostemma_duparquetii Cyphostemma_horombense Cyphostemma_jiguu Cyphostemma_kilimandscharicum Cyphostemma_mappia Cyphostemma_maranguense Cyphostemma_montagnacii Cyphostemma_simulans Leea_aculeata Leea_guineensis Leea_indica Leea_macrophylla Leea_spinea Nothocissus_spicifera Parthenocissus_chinensis Parthenocissus_henryana Parthenocissus_heptaphylla Parthenocissus_himalayana Parthenocissus_laetevirens Parthenocissus_quinquefolia Parthenocissus_suberosa Parthenocissus_tricuspidata Parthenocissus_vitacea Pterisanthes_eriopoda Pterisanthes_heterantha Pterisanthes_stonei Rhoicissus_digitata Rhoicissus_rhomboidea Rhoicissus_tomentosa Rhoicissus_tridentata Tetrastigma_glabratum Tetrastigma_hemsleyanum Tetrastigma_lanyuense Tetrastigma_laxum Tetrastigma_lenticellatum Tetrastigma_loheri Tetrastigma_obtectum Tetrastigma_pachyphyllum Tetrastigma_petraeum Tetrastigma_pyriforme Tetrastigma_sichouense Tetrastigma_triphyllum Tetrastigma_voinierianum Vitis_aestivalis Vitis_betulifolia Vitis_flexuosa Vitis_heyneana Vitis_labrusca Vitis_mengziensis Vitis_popenoei Vitis_riparia Vitis_rotundifolia Vitis_thunbergii Vitis_vinifera Vitis_vulpina Yua_austro_orientalis Yua_thomsonii ; END; BEGIN TREES; TITLE Adams_et_al_Cissus; LINK TAXA = Untitled_Taxa_Block; TREE RAxML = [&R] ((((((((Cissus_penninervis:0.04510374399591266,Cissus_trianae:0.006080059847570938):0.0024697140937697103,Cissus_hypoglauca:0.006340285134211513):1.00000050002909E-6,(Cissus_oblonga:1.00000050002909E-6,Cissus_antarctica:1.00000050002909E-6):0.0060157132385971705):0.00854043799760811,((((Cayratia_gracilis:1.00000050002909E-6,Cayratia_debilis:0.006357376767173598):0.002110339107638834,(Cayratia_imerinensis:0.0023998065426388392,Cayratia_triternata:0.0016154334418130838):0.0012765788655219581):0.022043750492671824,((((((Cyphostemma_maranguense:0.0034698978812216044,Cyphostemma_simulans:0.0043383471376996505):0.0019288768957579606,Cyphostemma_jiguu:0.0039934200618721594):0.001142604014721747,((Cyphostemma_kilimandscharicum:1.00000050002909E-6,Cyphostemma_bainesii_:0.0051358508829806755):0.0017176840030500588,Cyphostemma_duparquetii:1.00000050002909E-6):0.002894958039383715):0.01157110271558326,(Cyphostemma_montagnacii:0.006071769810814219,Cyphostemma_adenocaule:0.003913375550756009):9.087872759344416E-5):1.00000050002909E-6,(Cyphostemma_horombense:0.0020522270383723025,Cyphostemma_mappia:0.008982827011536876):0.0017848107696871503):0.03262970415404236,((Cayratia_eurynema:0.012313406470986367,(Cayratia_pedata:0.007098096958730859,(((Cayratia_saponaria:1.00000050002909E-6,Cayratia_acris:1.00000050002909E-6):0.005706639871901724,Cayratia_mollissima:0.004669243214640571):0.0022073356157125213,Cayratia_cordifolia:0.006165973005533925):1.00000050002909E-6):0.013987249663812488):0.0021472628273490643,((Cayratia_clematidea:0.027885770701188584,((Cayratia_maritima:1.00000050002909E-6,Cayratia_trifolia:1.00000050002909E-6):0.03721138684385713,Cayratia_japonica:0.01815146687718615):0.002610072795188844):0.009287135719064926,(((Tetrastigma_petraeum:0.011412314525800918,Tetrastigma_glabratum:0.0028649235922749375):1.00000050002909E-6,((Tetrastigma_hemsleyanum:0.004963487396442257,(Tetrastigma_lanyuense:3.700486756964694E-4,Tetrastigma_pachyphyllum:7.428491299545606E-4):0.0022240580460188256):1.00000050002909E-6,(Tetrastigma_voinierianum:0.001431465143123914,Tetrastigma_sichouense:1.00000050002909E-6):0.0016772889061007661):0.002890022954133815):1.00000050002909E-6,(((Tetrastigma_lenticellatum:0.004723529148419954,Tetrastigma_pyriforme:0.0032113936424317414):0.0016920849382023935,Tetrastigma_loheri:0.0014990520420728366):0.0033826405834762436,((Tetrastigma_obtectum:0.005386664201709677,Tetrastigma_triphyllum:0.011730130810606847):0.005068305357424848,Tetrastigma_laxum:0.0017182181740896924):0.0022526614216112476):0.0011669826954827508):0.008517031842832043):0.0044558973689187206):6.762748890642655E-4):0.0014313774508573466):0.016268098826984188,(((((Cissus_quarrei:0.006999789498566846,(Cissus_aphyllantha:0.0033793765060230216,(((Cissus_sciaphila:0.007941262387516013,((Cissus_rhodotricha:7.179735529262864E-4,(Cissus_rostrata:1.00000050002909E-6,Cissus_adnata:8.747437915780691E-4):0.0017278437172970175):0.0014871952942697474,Cissus_tiliifolia:0.003596565701679565):1.00000050002909E-6):0.0011917797644956795,Cissus_polyantha:0.001443171188298517):1.00000050002909E-6,Cissus_smithiana:1.00000050002909E-6):3.877692306708323E-5):6.894107432006114E-4):0.007764093309848685,(((Cissus_microdonta:0.004694097284138862,Cissus_bosseri:0.007887926480824205):0.0025425021901581326,(Cissus_leucophlea:0.004396276956375652,(Cissus_madecassa:3.9149291984884793E-4,(Cissus_lanea:0.0012044301077447543,Cissus_auricoma:4.653089916111933E-4):0.0014250224938740874):0.004061912029124497):9.579570199019464E-4):3.74739839412862E-4,(((Cissus_elongata:0.005133415034645555,((Cissus_reniformis:1.00000050002909E-6,Cissus_diffusa:0.0015267491730879036):0.003920856302270421,((Cissus_javana:7.24497991216662E-4,Cissus_subtetragona:0.0034018367148676587):0.002176512945577328,Cissus_annamica:1.00000050002909E-6):5.517340017234824E-5):0.0015368887998322923):0.0017779933781477521,(Cissus_pseudoguerkeana:0.012276876690435212,(Cissus_faucicola:0.010328551567494038,((Cissus_cactiformis:0.009021211228103995,(Cissus_phymatocarpa:0.003082684951264016,Cissus_albiporcata:0.005569839391225249):5.88622951460487E-4):8.913947846137502E-4,Cissus_quadrangularis:0.004345716848778427):0.0027346609962806754):0.0031857777700798266):0.005708651513593446):0.0038136706161928475,((Cissus_polita:0.004840780995490433,((Cissus_welwitschii:0.0015833726695447228,(Cissus_rondoensis:0.008152294932656066,(Cissus_oliveri:3.5319792579936607E-4,Cissus_sylvicola:1.00000050002909E-6):1.00000050002909E-6):0.003796160725270459):8.667458179013927E-4,(Cissus_rotundifolia:0.004691295510465737,Cissus_petiolata:0.0029779258077744187):1.7300873545821882E-4):0.0026458017443119256):0.004550533836228907,Cissus_aralioides:0.003735231926720016):0.0016230746103928504):0.005535489865695931):0.00118514342172273):0.0058381797329786446,(((Cissus_assamica:0.01237210135975675,(Cissus_vinosa:0.0014154740372818064,Cissus_cardiophylla:1.00000050002909E-6):0.008724494367159425):0.00715360618125507,((Cissus_wenshanensis:0.0030811210352553126,Cissus_discolor:0.005603796994334735):0.005808283034808309,(Cissus_nodosa:0.004541607194726417,(Cissus_repens:1.00000050002909E-6,Cissus_hastata:6.1005666380277E-4):0.006040379090166797):0.001111088977592239):9.964262922930514E-4):0.0013583421708601433,((Cissus_diffusiflora:0.012625148170969701,((((Cissus_descoingsii:0.001514952561602324,Cissus_verticillata:0.004655200610634024):0.001815153000454252,(Cissus_trifoliata:0.01322032228687384,((Cissus_spinosa:0.0030263225712760552,((Cissus_rhombifolia:0.004998485374615966,Cissus_sulcicaulis:0.0029936969728252953):9.996745395178949E-4,(Cissus_gongylodes:0.0033604375828153637,((((Cissus_paraensis:1.00000050002909E-6,Cissus_surinamensis:1.00000050002909E-6):0.0014938489518046827,Cissus_duarteana:0.0014991268159641755):1.00000050002909E-6,Cissus_apendiculata:0.004470702919490719):0.001485736230264994,Cissus_stipulata:1.00000050002909E-6):0.004479328854709149):1.00000050002909E-6):0.001992273385303962):9.960161814602032E-4,(((Cissus_decidua:0.003003219767968543,((Cissus_blanchetiana:0.0015066009798201053,Cissus_bahiensis:1.00000050002909E-6):1.00000050002909E-6,Cissus_paullinifolia:0.010647695912739815):0.0015035202429486561):1.00000050002909E-6,(Cissus_serroniana:0.0015028965940160858,Cissus_pulcherrima:1.00000050002909E-6):0.0015010753336138168):0.001502594012848342,Cissus_microcarpa:0.006004267782724745):1.00000050002909E-6):0.0037114064873421597):4.932529796755529E-4):0.0069776623165422455,(Cissus_incisa:0.011902103022350142,((Cissus_anisophylla:0.0019823272426939477,(Cissus_amazonica:0.002276632518648273,(Cissus_biformifolia:0.006392637657229197,Cissus_pseudoverticillata:0.0016749932967914775):0.007897010551731684):0.00446825974024698):0.0015338600886577404,((Cissus_campestris:0.0014939866379774828,Cissus_tinctoria:0.002996910409854239):0.004482753299195869,((Cissus_araguainensis:0.0029871769953713897,(Cissus_tiliacea:1.00000050002909E-6,Cissus_tuberosa:0.001620446579690224):1.00000050002909E-6):1.00000050002909E-6,Cissus_neei:1.00000050002909E-6):8.766365523152766E-4):8.146244951383086E-4):0.007154031276453108):0.0018534618755245231):0.0019145515114167538,(Cissus_repanda:0.006679792562403401,((Cissus_obliqua:0.009810625355682338,Cissus_ulmifolia:0.002520421941895053):0.003640774435253394,Cissus_erosa:0.014847092182170717):0.0032893805615967888):0.003326469200252082):0.005926487893522684):8.734975052011471E-4,(Cissus_cornifolia:0.006285957706548644,(((Cissus_rubiginosa:3.703843843269774E-4,(Cissus_pentaclada:0.001438071601512699,Cissus_trothae:4.652726296932553E-4):1.685205582614593E-5):0.0019236131486868118,Cissus_pileata:0.0018731833308635714):0.0015965582940017254,Cissus_producta:0.007045620780706725):9.102752805194121E-4):0.0012629075034878393):4.2710008124109217E-4):0.00625575994957533):0.016308596895244144,(Cissus_polpunea:0.0028379549248626562,Cissus_integrifolia:1.00000050002909E-6):0.01435375499973785):0.004603282708651632,((Cissus_sagittifera:0.014459693946458406,Cissus_floribunda:0.0065039123877228):0.006637803456023649,Cissus_barbeyana:0.005415366139129303):0.012348781602857227):0.027589293492140798):6.171792895604102E-4):0.001770188808323267,(Ampelocissus_elephantina:0.0012007188536262584,(((Vitis_popenoei:0.0032371490707410245,Vitis_rotundifolia:0.00106916172305688):0.003579138257419768,(Ampelocissus_acapulcensis:1.00000050002909E-6,(Ampelocissus_erdwendbergiana:0.003163395765634116,(Vitis_heyneana:1.00000050002909E-6,(((Vitis_labrusca:1.00000050002909E-6,Vitis_riparia:1.00000050002909E-6):0.0011465091312917541,(Vitis_aestivalis:0.0010575703383199197,Vitis_vulpina:5.200873302638222E-4):1.00000050002909E-6):1.00000050002909E-6,((Vitis_vinifera:1.00000050002909E-6,(Vitis_thunbergii:1.00000050002909E-6,(Vitis_flexuosa:7.659248410105283E-4,Vitis_betulifolia:9.576209868265498E-4):1.535369796493867E-5):2.77419413612561E-5):2.4036651213626265E-4,Vitis_mengziensis:3.664894616323528E-4):0.0012918212570735014):1.00000050002909E-6):9.928986291407762E-4):4.598689126305669E-4):0.002075409339661845):8.653599131175474E-4,((Ampelocissus_obtusata:5.061869633103741E-4,Ampelocissus_africana:0.005740450263596234):0.0025130646810035103,(((Ampelocissus_ascendiflora:0.011165943265201992,(Nothocissus_spicifera:6.456734297983164E-4,((Pterisanthes_heterantha:0.004048905044870036,(Ampelocissus_filipes:1.00000050002909E-6,(Ampelocissus_gracilis:1.00000050002909E-6,Pterisanthes_eriopoda:0.0016951872769795388):1.00000050002909E-6):1.00000050002909E-6):1.00000050002909E-6,(Ampelocissus_thyrsiflora:9.754072954047937E-4,Pterisanthes_stonei:0.008738732284476278):3.279644164327433E-5):0.002684689078242132):0.002571980053213511):0.0020992084401652454,Ampelocissus_javalensis:0.0013945117283372852):5.633050569866178E-5,(Ampelocissus_costaricensis:1.00000050002909E-6,((Yua_austro_orientalis:0.0013779723392692712,Yua_thomsonii:0.004010391031989586):0.007279671627890739,(((Parthenocissus_suberosa:8.200179957859752E-4,Parthenocissus_tricuspidata:1.00000050002909E-6):0.002057573520734592,((Parthenocissus_laetevirens:0.005650733142638391,Parthenocissus_henryana:0.009530232433853992):0.003140295828708116,(Parthenocissus_himalayana:1.00000050002909E-6,Parthenocissus_chinensis:1.00000050002909E-6):0.00267250549954078):3.658077343891691E-4):0.0019594374641081044,((Parthenocissus_vitacea:1.00000050002909E-6,Parthenocissus_heptaphylla:1.00000050002909E-6):0.0016617865765860217,Parthenocissus_quinquefolia:1.00000050002909E-6):0.007350204673539917):0.0014720447559286277):0.0018927646202326006):6.300813119454918E-4):1.00000050002909E-6):7.64148495026794E-4):9.712327926957077E-4):0.0036061500882491734):0.0016256126453728147,Cissus_sterculiifolia:0.0028158029287029063):7.352005963221495E-4,((((Ampelopsis_cordata:0.008405988212870053,(Ampelopsis_delavayana:0.0013911868975712539,Ampelopsis_bodinieri:1.00000050002909E-6):0.005546452399174707):0.003453652327068718,(Rhoicissus_rhomboidea:0.0070367118944214165,(Rhoicissus_tridentata:1.00000050002909E-6,(Rhoicissus_digitata:0.00140363584676872,Rhoicissus_tomentosa:0.0014296046076140824):1.00000050002909E-6):0.006141589190897792):0.00467507479632622):0.001385388160850186,((Clematicissus_angustissima:0.0042007273208958685,Clematicissus_opaca:0.0013231240079131948):0.003965421229487219,((Cissus_striata:0.00273122703424466,Cissus_granulosa:0.002502271124429673):0.0022170971316649037,(Cissus_tweediana:0.0013878595255861622,Cissus_simsiana:1.00000050002909E-6):0.009733095939952183):4.300055995878627E-4):0.004565456423441793):0.0030898312733294055,((Ampelopsis_rubifolia:0.001091692144597707,Ampelopsis_chaffanjonii:1.00000050002909E-6):7.75295938449774E-5,Ampelopsis_cantoniensis:0.0036899705660147814):0.007265557125264868):0.0028762606364331053):0.026701713260366355,((Leea_spinea:0.01593838755542064,Leea_aculeata:0.0027727971575689236):0.0035174471760794175,(Leea_macrophylla:0.004326155822133563,(Leea_guineensis:0.0020940876905508267,Leea_indica:0.002388477569412575):0.0037588270637333825):0.00446007749224863):0.026701713260366355); [! TreeBASE tree URI: http://purl.org/phylo/treebase/phylows/tree/TB2:Tr91919] END;